The Effect of an Infant Formula Supplemented with AA and DHA on Fatty Acid Levels of Infants with Different FADS Genotypes: The COGNIS Study Salas Lorenzo, Isabel Chisaguano Tonato, Aida M. de la Garza Puentes, Andrea Espejo Nieto, Ana Herrmann, Florian Diéguez Castillo, Estefanía Castellote, Ana I. López-Sabater, María del Carmen Rodríguez-Palmero, Maria Campoy Folgoso, Cristina Fatty acids Omega 6 Omega 3 Breast milk Infant formula Fatty acid desaturases Early life nutrition Control formula Intervention formula Exclusive breastfeeding Polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes influence the arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid concentrations (crucial in early life). Infants with specific genotypes may require different amounts of these fatty acids (FAs) to maintain an adequate status. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an infant formula supplemented with AA and DHA on FAs of infants with different FADS genotypes. In total, 176 infants from the COGNIS study were randomly allocated to the Standard Formula (SF; n = 61) or the Experimental Formula (EF; n = 70) group, the latter supplemented with AA and DHA. Breastfed infants were added as a reference group (BF; n = 45). FAs and FADS polymorphisms were analyzed from cheek cells collected at 3 months of age. FADS minor allele carriership in formula fed infants, especially those supplemented, was associated with a declined desaturase activity and lower AA and DHA levels. Breastfed infants were not affected, possibly to the high content of AA and DHA in breast milk. The supplementation increased AA and DHA levels, but mostly in major allele carriers. In conclusion, infant FADS genotype could contribute to narrow the gap of AA and DHA concentrations between breastfed and formula fed infants. 2019-05-10T12:34:28Z 2019-05-10T12:34:28Z 2019-03-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Salas Lorenzo, I.[et al.]. The Effect of an Infant Formula Supplemented with AA and DHA on Fatty Acid Levels of Infants with Different FADS Genotypes: The COGNIS Study. 2072-6643 http://hdl.handle.net/10481/55687 10.3390/nu11030602 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 3.0 España MDPI