Toscana Virus in Spain Sanbonmatsu-Gámez, Sara Pérez Ruiz, Mercedes Collao, Ximena Sánchez-Seco, María Paz Morillas Márquez, Francisco Rosa Fraile, Manuel de la Navarro-Marí, José María Tenorio, Antonio Toscana virus Seroprevalence Phylogeny Vectors Spain Research Toscana virus (TOSV, Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae) infection is one of the most prevalent arboviruses in Spain. Within the objectives of a multidisciplinary network, a study on the epidemiology of TOSV was conducted in Granada, in southern Spain. The overall seroprevalence rate was 24.9%, significantly increasing with age. TOSV was detected in 3 of 103 sandfly pools by viral culture or reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction from a region of the L gene. Nucleotide sequence homology was 99%–100% in TOSV from vectors and patients and 80%–81% compared to the Italian strain ISS Phl.3. Sequencing of the N gene of TOSV isolates from patients and vectors indicated 87%–88% and 100% homology at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively, compared to the Italian strain. These findings demonstrate the circulation of at least 2 different lineages of TOSV in the Mediterranean basin, the Italian lineage and the Spanish lineage. 2014-07-10T08:23:32Z 2014-07-10T08:23:32Z 2005 journal article Sanbonmatsu-Gámez, S.; et al. Toscana Virus in Spain. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 11(11): 1701-1707 (2005). [http://hdl.handle.net/10481/32637] 1080-6040 PMCID: PMC3367369 http://hdl.handle.net/10481/32637 10.3201/eid1111.050851 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ open access Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention