Comparison of measurements made on dry bone and digital measurements in Anatomage for the sacral bone in a Spanish population Gaya Sancho, Benjamín Sanjuán-Sánchez, Daniel Ráfales-Perucha, Andrés Zaurín-Paniagua, Laura Sáez-Gutiérrez, Berta Galarreta-Aperte, Sergio Human anatomy Forensics Anatomage The use of osteometry for human identification is a key element in the field of forensic sciences. Currently, the osteometry focuses on the use of digital techniques such as photography or 3D scans, to study and measure bones, offering advantages like easy access, preservation of bones, and worldwide collaboration possibilities. The study aims to analyze whether digital tools such as Anatomage can be used to collect reliable data. The study compares measurements of the sacral bone from 41 individuals from Orgiva Collection using both traditional and digital methods. The variables analyzed were described previously, including landmarks and positions, and were coded by differentiating the measurements between dry bone (caliper) and digital measurement (Anatomage). Results indicate minimal differences between digital and dry bone measurements, with only one variable showing a significant differences in the effect size analysis (d > 0.80). The TEM analysis showed four variables as non-acceptable (rTEM > 1.5), possibly due to the landmark location or the experience using the tool to locate landmarks. Digital resources are valuable for morphometric evaluations and human identification within forensic sciences. However, caution is necessary to ensure accurate landmark localization and validate these tools across various bone types and larger sample sizes. 2026-03-09T07:51:39Z 2026-03-09T07:51:39Z 2023-11-23 journal article Gaya-Sancho B, Sanjuan-Sánchez D, Ráfales-Perucha A, Zaurín-Paniagua L, Sáez-Gutiérrez B, Galarreta-Aperte S. (2023). Comparison of measurements made on dry bone and digital measurements in Anatomage for the sacral bone in a Spanish population. Scientific Reports volume 13, Article number: 20578. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48013-8 2045-2322 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/111959 10.1038/s41598-023-48013-8 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Nature Portfolio