A Systematic Mapping Study on Privacy in IoT-based Systems Shaheen, Yaqin Y. Hornos Barranco, Miguel Juan Rodríguez Domínguez, Carlos Internet of Things (IoT) Privacy Software Engineering Methodologies Privacy by Design Systematic Mapping Study This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-025-01150-9. Use of this Accepted Version is subject to the publisher’s Accepted Manuscript terms of use https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/policies/accepted-manuscript-terms. This research work is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Agencia Estatal de Investigación), i.e., MICIU/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033, through two projects: Ref. PID2023- 149185OB-I00 and PID2022-139297OB-I00, the latter also being co-funded by the ERDF/EU. The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its associated technologies has raised numerous challenges and concerns regarding security and privacy. Therefore, it is critically important to analyse the process of developing IoT applications for IoT-based systems (IoTSs) to understand how they are built and to identify the major privacy challenges involved. This paper aims to provide insights into the following topics: (i) the main issues related to IoT privacy during the development of IoT applications; (ii) the models and approaches currently being used in IoT application development; and (iii) how privacy aspects are incorporated into the stages of the IoTS development life cycle. A systematic mapping study (SMS) was conducted to identify and extract information from the most relevant papers on these topics. Accordingly, discussions, findings, results, and feedback from previous studies were analysed to create a comprehensive overview of the challenges and future directions. This SMS reveals important findings, including the need for further research and effort to systematically integrate privacy concerns into IoTS development models, highlighting the necessity of improved methodologies to address this crucial aspect of these systems. 2025-11-26T13:23:21Z 2025-11-26T13:23:21Z 2025-11-10 journal article Shaheen, Y.Y., Hornos, M.J. & Rodríguez-Domínguez, C. A systematic mapping study on privacy in IoT-based systems. International Journal of Information Security, 24, 236 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-025-01150-9 1615-5270 1615-5262 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/108370 10.1007/s10207-025-01150-9 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ embargoed access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Springer