Development of a comprehensive model for the design of photovoltaic solar public lighting systems in rural and urban areas Rabaza Castillo, Ovidio Pérez Ocón, Francisco De Asís Aznar Dols, Fernando Gómez-Lorente, Daniel Solar street lighting PV/Battery system Model design Sustainable infrastructures This article presents a model for the optimal design of solar street lighting, considering factors such as street width, required average illuminance, solar irradiance, and luminaire characteristics. The goal is to achieve a sustainable installation that ensures adequate lighting levels. The model optimizes pole distribution, luminaire height, battery capacity, and solar panel power, prioritizing a holistic approach over an individual one. While applicable worldwide, a study conducted in Oman validated its effectiveness, revealing that reducing luminaire power does not always lead to lower overall energy consumption or costs. Its key innovation lies in integrating lighting and renewable energy into a single calculation process—unlike traditional methods, which first design the lighting installation and then calculate the battery and PV module requirements separately. 2025-11-21T12:01:28Z 2025-11-21T12:01:28Z 2025-05-31 journal article Ovidio Rabaza, Francisco Pérez-Ocón, Fernando Aznar-Dols, Daniel Gómez-Lorente. "Development of a comprehensive model for the design of photovoltaic solar public lighting systems in rural and urban areas", Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 27, 101012, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2025.101012 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/108197 10.1016/j.clet.2025.101012 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Elsevier