A polymorphism in the interleukin-10 promoter affects the course of disease in patients with clear-cell renal carcinoma Carretero Coca, Rafael Sáenz-López, Pablo Cózar, José Manuel Carretero Coca Canton, Julia Vázquez, Fernando Concha, Ángel Tallada, Miguel Garrido, Federico Ruiz-Cabello Osuna, Francisco Cancer Polymorphism IL-10 Renal cell carcinoma In the tumor microenvironment, interleukin (IL)-10 production has a pleiotropic ability to positively and negatively influence the function of innate and adaptive immunity against cancer. This study investigated whether IL-10 genetic polymorphisms that influence gene expression levels play a role in the risk and clinical course of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We analyzed the allelic and haplotype frequency formed by alleles at -1082(G/A), -819(C/T), and -592(C/A) of the IL-10 gene in RCC (n = 126) and healthy individuals (n = 176). The frequency of IL-10 polymorphic variants was similar between patients and controls. However, -1082 G/A IL-10 genotype showed a significant association with three prognostic indicators: advanced disease stage (p = 0.002), higher tumor size (p = 0.001), and presence of adenopathy (p = 0.006). Our results can be explained by the contradictory antitumor or pro-tumorigenic relationship between this molecule and cancer. Genotypes associated with high or low levels of IL-10 gene expression (GG or AA-1082 IL-10) were both associated with a more favorable course of the disease. We propose the hypothesis that the -1082 GA medium expression genotype confers a tumor-promoting phenotype, likely resulting from the immunosuppressive effects of anti-tumor Th-1 responses in conjunction with the insufficient inhibition of tumor angiogenesis at this intermediate level of IL-10 expression. 2025-11-04T12:59:27Z 2025-11-04T12:59:27Z 2009-01 journal article Hum Immunol. 2009 Jan;70(1):60-4. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2008.10.020. Epub 2008 Nov 21. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107770 10.1016/j.humimm.2008.10.020 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ embargoed access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Elsevier