Accumulation and metabolization of the antidepressant venlafaxine and its main metabolite o-desmethylvenlafaxine in non-target marine organisms Holothuria tubulosa, Anemonia sulcata and Actinia equina Gómez-Regalado, Maria del Carmen Martín, Julia Hidalgo Puertas, Félix Santos, Juan Luis Aparicio, Irene Alonso, Esteban Zafra Gómez, Alberto Organism-distribution Marine environment Antidepressant drugs Metabolite Bioconcentration The assessment of exposure to the antidepressant venlafaxine and its major metabolite o-desmethylvenlafaxine in Holothuria tubulosa, Anemonia sulcata and Actinia equina is proposed. A 28-day exposure experiment (10 μg/L day) followed by a 52-day depuration period was conducted. The accumulation shows a first-order kinetic process reaching an average concentration of 49125/54342 ng/g dw in H. tubulosa and 64810/93007 ng/g dw in A. sulcata. Venlafaxine is considered cumulative (BCF > 2000 L/kg dw) in H. tubulosa, A. sulcata and A. equina respectively; and o–desmethylvenlafaxine in A. sulcata. Organism-specific BCF generally followed the order A. sulcata > A. equina > H. tubulosa. The study revealed differences between tissues in metabolizing abilities in H. tubulosa this effect increases significantly with time in the digestive tract while it was negligible in the body wall. The results provide a description of venlafaxine and o-desmethylvenlafaxine accumulation in common and non-target organisms in the marine environment. 2025-10-28T07:34:30Z 2025-10-28T07:34:30Z 2023 journal article Marine Pollution Bulletin 192 (2023) 115055 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107498 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115055 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Elsevier