Floating photovoltaics systems on water irrigation ponds: Technical potential and multi-benefits analys Muñoz Cerón, Emilio Osorio-Aravena, Juan Carlos Rodríguez Segura, Francisco Javier Frolova Ignatieva, Marina Ruano-Quesada, Antonio Renewable energy solar energy photovoltaics floating PV irrigation ponds Floating photovoltaic systems (FPV) can be a more sustainable alternative for the energy transition than ground-mounted photovoltaic systems, as they avoid occupying useable land and the power generation is more distributed. This paper presents the first study that calculates the FPV technical potential at the province/municipality level, focusing on water irrigation ponds, which it is a novelty in the literature that usually focuses on large water infrastructures in a national approach. In the province of Jaén (Spain), more than 3000 ponds dedicated to agricultural irrigation have been identified and their surface area and location was obtained. The results, calculated for each pond, reveal that, in a conservative scenario, in which only 25% of their surface area is covered, a minimum of 490 MWp can be installed, which can provide 251% of the province agricultural electricity consumption and 27% of the total electricity needs. This analysis has also been performed at the municipal level, where all possible FPV plants have been aggregated and compared with consumption that would be covered at this scale. Furthermore, this technology brings additional benefits, as it avoids the occupation of 12 km2 of useable land, 8.8·106 m3/year of water evaporated, while creating more than 7000 jobs. 2025-10-23T07:35:50Z 2025-10-23T07:35:50Z 2023 journal article Muñoz-Cerón, E., Osorio-Aravena, J.C., Rodríguez-Segura, F.J., Frolova, M., Ruano-Quesada, A. 2023. Floating photovoltaics systems on water irrigation ponds: Technical potential and multi-benefits analysis. Energy. 271, 127039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.127039 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107338 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.127039 eng CSO2017-86975-R http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ open access Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License