A Survey on Multi-User Conversational Interfaces Wagner, Nicolas Kraus, Matthias Minker, Wolfgang Griol Barres, David Callejas Carrión, Zoraida Multi-user interaction Multi-user evaluation Multi-user robotic agents The research leading to these results has received funding from the Spanish R&D&i project TrustBoost (PID2023-150584OB-C21 and PID2023-150584OB-C22) financed by ICIU/AEI/10.13039/-501100011033 and from FEDER, EU. It has also received funding the HORIZON EUROPE MSCA-Staff Exchanges Action entitled “CRYSTAL, Conversational Systems for Emotional Support and Customer Assistance” (Grant no. 101182965). Additionally, it has also received funding from the project FORSocialRobots, financed by the Bavarian Research Foundation (AZ1594-23). This paper investigates the evolving landscape of Multi-User Conversational Interfaces, addressing the limitations of traditional systems that primarily focus on single-user interactions. As real-world applications grow more complex, there is a pressing need for conversational systems capable of facilitating dialogues among multiple participants. Our systematic survey reviews recent advancements in the field, highlighting innovative architectures, application domains, user and dialogue modelling, and evaluation metrics tailored for multi-user contexts. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, employing both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to identify common patterns and challenges in multi-user interactions. The findings underscore the importance of developing robust interfaces that can effectively manage overlapping dialogues, ensure collaborative group work, and enhance overall conversational quality. This work contributes to the understanding of Multi-User Conversational Interfaces and may help as a basis for future research aiming to develop more natural, user-friendly, and effective conversational interfaces. 2025-07-01T07:42:01Z 2025-07-01T07:42:01Z 2025-06-27 journal article Wagner, N.; Kraus, M.; Minker, W. ; Griol, D.; Callejas, Z. A Survey on Multi-User Conversational Interfaces. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 7267. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137267 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/104995 10.3390/app15137267 eng open access MDPI