Chagas Disease: Current View of an Ancient and Global Chemotherapy Challenge Martín Escolano, Javier Medina Carmona, Encarnación Martín Escolano, Rubén R.M-E. is grateful for a FPU Grant [grant number FPU14/01537] from the Ministry of Education of Spain. Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease and a global public health issue. In terms of treatment, no progress has been made since the 1960s, when benznidazole and nifurtimox, two obsolete drugs still prescribed, were used to treat this disease. Hence, currently, there are no effective treatments available to tackle Chagas disease. Over the past 20 years, there has been an increasing interest in the disease. However, parasite genetic diversity, drug resistance, tropism, and complex life cycle, along with the limited understanding of the disease and inadequate methodologies and strategies, have resulted in the absence of new insights in drugs development and disappointing outcomes in clinical trials so far. In summary, new drugs are urgently needed. This Review considers the relevant aspects related to the lack of drugs for Chagas disease, resumes the advances in tools for drug discovery, and discusses the main features to be taken into account to develop new effective drugs. 2025-05-12T07:13:36Z 2025-05-12T07:13:36Z 2020-11-13 journal article Published version: Martín-Escolano J, Medina-Carmona E, Martín-Escolano R. Chagas Disease: Current View of an Ancient and Global Chemotherapy Challenge. ACS Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 13;6(11):2830-2843. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00353. Epub 2020 Oct 9. PMID: 33034192 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/104054 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00353 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional American Chemical Society