Mitochondrial adaptations to calorie restriction and bariatric surgery in human skeletal muscle: a systematic review with meta-analysis
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2023Resumen
Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to determine the changes induced by calorie restriction (CR) and bariatric
surgery on human skeletal muscle mitochondria.
Methods: A systematic search of Medline and Web of Science was conducted. Controlled trials exploring CR (≥14
days) and mitochondrial function and/or content assessment were included. Moreover, studies analyzing weight
loss following gastric surgery were included for comparison purposes. Human muscle data from 28 studies
assessing CR (520 muscle samples) and from 10 studies assessing bariatric surgery (155 muscle samples) were
analyzed in a random effect meta-analysis with three a priori chosen covariates.
Main results: We report a decrease (p < 0.05) (mean (95 % CI)) in maximal mitochondrial state 3 respiration in
response to CR (����� 0.44 (����� 0.85, ����� 0.03)) but not in response to surgery (����� 0.33 (����� 1.18, 0.52)). No changes in
mitochondrial content were reported after CR (����� 0.05 (����� 0.12, 0.13)) or in response to surgery (0.23 (����� 0.05,
0.52)). Moreover, data from CR subjects showed a reduction in complex IV (CIV) activity (����� 0.29 (����� 0.56, ����� 0.03))
but not in CIV content (����� 0.21 (����� 0.63, 0.22)). Similar results were obtained when the length of the protocol, the
initial body mass index, and the estimated energy deficit were included in the model as covariates.
Conclusion: The observation of reduced maximal mitochondrial state 3, uncoupled respiration, and CIV activity
without altering mitochondrial content suggests that, in human skeletal muscle, CR mainly modulates intrinsic
mitochondrial function.