Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Enteric Nervous System in Gastrointestinal and Neurological Pathology, Relation to Oxidative Stress
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MDPI
Materia
Enteric nervous system Interstitial cells of Cajal Oxidative stress Neurodegeneration Myenteric plexus
Date
2023-04-18Referencia bibliográfica
López-Pingarrón, L.; Almeida, H.; Soria-Aznar, M.; Reyes-Gonzales, M.C.; Rodríguez- Moratinos, A.B.; Muñoz-Hoyos, A.; García, J.J. Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Enteric Nervous System in Gastrointestinal and Neurological Pathology, Relation to Oxidative Stress. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45, 3552–3572. [https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45040232]
Résumé
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is organized into two plexuses—submucosal and
myenteric—which regulate smooth muscle contraction, secretion, and blood flow along the gastrointestinal
tract under the influence of the rest of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Interstitial
cells of Cajal (ICCs) are mainly located in the submucosa between the two muscle layers and at the
intramuscular level. They communicate with neurons of the enteric nerve plexuses and smooth
muscle fibers and generate slow waves that contribute to the control of gastrointestinal motility.
They are also involved in enteric neurotransmission and exhibit mechanoreceptor activity. A close
relationship appears to exist between oxidative stress and gastrointestinal diseases, in which ICCs
can play a prominent role. Thus, gastrointestinal motility disorders in patients with neurological
diseases may have a common ENS and central nervous system (CNS) nexus. In fact, the deleterious
effects of free radicals could affect the fine interactions between ICCs and the ENS, as well as between
the ENS and the CNS. In this review, we discuss possible disturbances in enteric neurotransmission
and ICC function that may cause anomalous motility in the gut.