Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Childbirth: A Systematic Review
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El Founti Khsim, Ijlas; Martínez Rodríguez, Mirella; Riquelme Gallego, Blanca; Caparrós González, Rafael Arcángel; Amezcua Prieto, María Del CarmenEditorial
MDPI
Materia
PTSD after birth Diagnosis Risk factors Pregnancy Perinatal mental health
Date
2022-10-26Referencia bibliográfica
El Founti Khsim, I... [et al.]. Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Childbirth: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 2598. [https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112598]
Sponsorship
Junta de Andalucia RH-0069-2021Abstract
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after birth has generated a growing
interest in recent years. Although some risk factors associated with PTSD have been studied, information
is still scarce to date on risk factors associated with PTSD. This systematic review aims to
identify risk factors associated with the diagnosis of PTSD after childbirth. Methods: We searched on
PubMed,Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, from inception to May 2022. Quality assessment
of the articles was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment (“NOQAS”) scale.
This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were
women with age 18 years; articles in English or Spanish; articles focused on physical, social, psychological,
medical-obstetric, and environmental risk factors. Results: A total of n = 17,675 women
were included among the studies in this systematic review. The main risk factors associated with
PTSD after birth were obstetric interventions and obstetric violence such as emergency caesarean
section or a non-compliant birth plan, a previous mental illness, having suffered from of a traumatic
event or depression and/or anxiety, and having poor social support throughout pregnancy and/or
during birth. Conclusions: Obstetric interventions, obstetric violence, experiencing a traumatic event
or depression and/or anxiety, and a previous mental illness are factors associated with the diagnosis
of PTSD after birth. Protective factors are multiparity, adherence to the mother’s birth plan and
skin-to-skin contact.