Bias in algorithms of AI systems developed for COVID-19: A scoping review
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítemEditorial
Springer
Materia
Artificial intelligence Bias Digital contact tracing COVID-19 Patient risk prediction
Fecha
2022-07-20Referencia bibliográfica
Delgado, J... [et al.]. Bias in algorithms of AI systems developed for COVID-19: A scoping review. Bioethical Inquiry (2022). [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-022-10200-z]
Patrocinador
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona; BBVA FoundationResumen
To analyze which ethically relevant biases
have been identified by academic literature in artificial
intelligence (AI) algorithms developed either for patient
risk prediction and triage, or for contact tracing to deal
with the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, to specifically
investigate whether the role of social determinants
of health (SDOH) have been considered in these AI
developments or not. We conducted a scoping review
of the literature, which covered publications from
March 2020 to April 2021. Studies mentioning biases
on AI algorithms developed for contact tracing and
medical triage or risk prediction regarding COVID-19
were included. From 1054 identified articles, 20 studies
were finally included. We propose a typology of biases
identified in the literature based on bias, limitations and
other ethical issues in both areas of analysis. Results on
health disparities and SDOH were classified into five
categories: racial disparities, biased data, socioeconomic
disparities, unequal accessibility and workforce,
and information communication. SDOH needs to
be considered in the clinical context, where they still
seem underestimated. Epidemiological conditions depend
on geographic location, so the use of local data
in studies to develop international solutions may increase
some biases. Gender bias was not specifically
addressed in the articles included. The main biases are related to data collection and management. Ethical problems
related to privacy, consent, and lack of regulation
have been identified in contact tracing while some biasrelated
health inequalities have been highlighted. There
is a need for further research focusing on SDOH and
these specific AI apps.