Periodontitis and Other Risk Factors Related to Myocardial Infarction and Its Follow-Up
Metadatos
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MDPI
Materia
Chronic periodontitis Myocardial infarction Risk factors Exercise Energy intake Mayor cardiovascular adverse events Left ventricular ejection fraction
Date
2022-05-06Referencia bibliográfica
Seoane, T... [et al.]. Periodontitis and Other Risk Factors Related to Myocardial Infarction and Its Follow-Up. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 2618. [https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092618]
Patrocinador
Junta de AndaluciaRésumé
The main issue in the prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) is to reduce risk factors.
Periodontal disease is related to cardiovascular disease and both share risk factors. The purpose
of this study is to investigate whether periodontitis can be considered a risk factor for MI and
common risk factors in a case–control study and in a prospective follow-up study in patients with
MI. The test group (MIG) was made up of 144 males who had MI in the previous 48 h. The control
group (CG) was composed of 138 males without MI. Both groups were subdivided according to
the presence or absence of stage III and IV of periodontitis. General data; Mediterranean diet and
physical activity screening; periodontal data; and biochemical, microbiological and cardiological
parameters were recorded. ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis statistical tests and
binary logistic regression analysis were applied. No differences in anthropometric variables were
observed between the four groups. The average weekly exercise hours have a higher value in CG
without periodontitis. The number of leukocytes was higher in MIG, the number of monocytes
was higher in CG and the number of teeth was lower in MIG with periodontitis. Adherence to
the Mediterranean diet was higher in CG. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were
higher in CG with periodontitis and in MIG with and without periodontitis. At follow-up, the left
ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) data were better in the non-periodontitis group: 15 patients
had Mayor Cardiovascular Adverse Events (MACE), 13 of them had periodontitis and 2 did not
show periodontitis. Periodontitis, exercise, diet and smoking are risk factors related to MI. MACE
presented in the ‘MI follow-up’ shows periodontitis, weight, exercise hours and dyslipidemia as risk
factors. LVEF follow-up values are preserved in patients without periodontitis. Our data suggest that
periodontitis can be considered a risk factor for MI and MACE in the studied population.