Effect on Intermediary Metabolism and Digestive Parameters of the High Substitution of Fishmeal with Insect Meal in Sparus aurata Feed
Metadatos
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MDPI
Materia
Aquafeed Sparus aurata Insect meal Tenebrio molitor Hermetia illucens Biometric parameters Gut microbiome
Date
2021Referencia bibliográfica
Fabrikov, D.; Vargas-García, M.d.C.; Barroso, F.G.; Sánchez-Muros, M.J.; Cacua Ortíz, S.M.; Morales, A.E.; Cardenete, G.; Tomás-Almenar, C.; Melenchón, F. Effect on Intermediary Metabolism and Digestive Parameters of the High Substitution of Fishmeal with Insect Meal in Sparus aurata Feed. Insects 2021, 12, 965. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/insects12110965
Patrocinador
INIA (Spanish Agricultural and Agro-Food Research Institute); Project RTA 2015-00021-C03-02 and FEDER funds; European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) and Consejeria de Agricultura, Pesca y Desarrollo Rural, OPP71.Résumé
The depletion of traditional protein sources and the impact this causes on the
production costs of aquaculture feed make it necessary to find alternative materials that allow for
the sustainability of production. Among various proposals, insects have drawn scholarly attention
because of their high protein content and the efficiency of their production, both from an environmental and an economic perspective. However, nutritional changes in fish diets require further
clarification regarding the effect of this new ingredient in fish performance and physiology. In this
study, we evaluated the use of two insect meal species, Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor, for the
partial replacement of fishmeal, as well as their influence on growth indices and the gut microbiome.
Although the results showed a worsening of biometric parameters and a modification of the microbial
community, the impact was different depending on the insect species and their rearing conditions.
Thus, specific studies for each case are recommended. Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor were tested on account of their potential to replace
fish protein in feed. Two levels of replacement for H. illucens, 30% and 50% (H30 and H50), and one
for T. molitor, 50% (T50), as well as an additional diet with a modified fatty acid fraction (H50M),
were investigated in relation to juvenile Sparus aurata growth indices, enzyme activities and gut
microbiome. A T50 diet showed similar results to a control (C) diet, with no significant differences
regarding morphological indices and minor differences for nutritional indices. Regarding the gut
microbiome, H50M was the diet which showed the more similar prokaryotic community to C,
which suggests that fatty acid fractions might influence the composition of the gut microbiome.
Nevertheless, differences appeared to be related to a redistribution of dominant species, while
changes in species affiliation were limited to minoritary species. The positive correlation between
some of these minoritary species (Peptostreptococcus russellii, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Weisella
confusa) and several fish growth parameters might explain differences between control and insect
diets. Deciphering such uncertainty and revealing the potential role these unusual species may play
on fish performance should be addressed in future investigations.