Cambios sugestivos de infección por virus de papiloma humano en estudiantes de una Universidad Pública

Abstract

Introducción: Las infecciones de transmisión sexual constituyen un problema de salud pública mundial. Objetivo: analizar los resultados de citologías cérvico-vaginales con cambios sugestivos de infección por Virus de Papiloma Humano en estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Carabobo, que acudieron a la consulta de ginecología del Ambulatorio Nuestra Señora de la Luz durante el año 2016-2017. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal. Población constituida por todas las estudiantes de la Facultad antes mencionada que asistieron a la Consulta de Ginecología en el Ambulatorio antes mencionado durante el periodo en estudio. Muestra no probabilística e intencional, criterios de inclusión: mayor de edad, aceptación a pertenecer al estudio firmando el consentimiento informado, y no padecer patologías al momento de la toma de muestra ni estar embarazada. La recolección de la información se realizó mediante la entrevista y posterior examen citológico, y el estudio citológico fue expresado según el sistema BETHESDA 2001. La toma de muestra para citología cérvico-vaginal se realizó según procedimiento estándar. Resultados: promedio de edad de 21,43±2,47 años, 40,2% pertenecientes al estrato medio bajo, 9,2% fumadoras, sexarquia en edades de 18-20 años en 52,6% de los casos, 70% con 2 o 3 parejas. En cuanto al resultado de la citología, 9,2% resultó sugestiva para infección por Virus de Papiloma Humano, mientras que con el Sistema BETHESDA 2001, en la sección anormalidades de las células epiteliales, 63,6% mostraron lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado asociado a Virus de Papiloma Humano. Conclusiones: en la muestra, los cambios sugestivos por infección del Virus de Papiloma Humano, fue superior a lo encontrado en otros países, consistente con que la mayoría de las entrevistadas presentaban factores de riesgo para contraerla, por lo cual se recomienda énfasis en la educación sexual y realización de la citología anual a la población de riesgo.

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections are a global public health problem. Objective: to analyze the results of cervical-vaginal cytologies with suggestive changes of Human Papillomavirus infection in students of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Carabobo, who was attended the gynecology consultation of the Ambulatory “Nuestra Seora de la Luz” in 2016-2017. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional study. Population consisting of all students of the Faculty of Health Sciences who was attended the Gynecology Consultation at the Ambulatory mentioned above during the period under study. Non-probabilistic and intentional sample, inclusion criteria: age, acceptance to belong to the study by signing informed consent, and not suffering pathologies at the time of sampling or being pregnant. The collection of the information was carried out through the interview and subsequent cytological examination, and the cytological study was expressed according to the BETHESDA 2001 system. The sample for cervical-vaginal cytology was performed according to standard procedure. Results: average age of 21.43-2.47 years, 40.2% belonging to the low mean stratum, 9.2% smokers, sexarquia in ages 18-20 years in 52.6% of cases, 70% with 2 or 3 pairs. As for the cytology result, 9.2% was suggestive for Human Papillomavirus infection, while with the BETHESDA 2001 System, in the epithelial cell abnormalities section, 63.6% showed low-grade Human Papillomavirus -associated. Conclusions: in the sample, the suggestive changes to Human Papillomavirus infection, was higher than that found in other countries, whereas most interviewees presented risk factors to contract it, so emphasis on education is recommended conducting annual cytology to the at-risk population.

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections are a global public health problem. Objective: to analyze the results of cervical-vaginal cytologies with suggestive changes of Human Papillomavirus infection in students of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Carabobo, who was attended the gynecology consultation of the Ambulatory “Nuestra Seora de la Luz” in 2016-2017. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional study. Population consisting of all students of the Faculty of Health Sciences who was attended the Gynecology Consultation at the Ambulatory mentioned above during the period under study. Non-probabilistic and intentional sample, inclusion criteria: age, acceptance to belong to the study by signing informed consent, and not suffering pathologies at the time of sampling or being pregnant. The collection of the information was carried out through the interview and subsequent cytological examination, and the cytological study was expressed according to the BETHESDA 2001 system. The sample for cervical-vaginal cytology was performed according to standard procedure. Results: average age of 21.43-2.47 years, 40.2% belonging to the low mean stratum, 9.2% smokers, sexarquia in ages 18-20 years in 52.6% of cases, 70% with 2 or 3 pairs. As for the cytology result, 9.2% was suggestive for Human Papillomavirus infection, while with the BETHESDA 2001 System, in the epithelial cell abnormalities section, 63.6% showed low-grade Human Papillomavirus -associated. Conclusions: in the sample, the suggestive changes to Human Papillomavirus infection, was higher than that found in other countries, whereas most interviewees presented risk factors to contract it, so emphasis on education is recommended conducting annual cytology to the at-risk population.