Classes of critical avalanche dynamics in complex networks

Abstract

Dynamical processes exhibiting absorbing states are essential in the modeling of a large variety of situations from material science to epidemiology and social sciences. Such processes exhibit the possibility of avalanching behavior upon slow driving. Here, we study the distribution of sizes and durations of avalanches for well-known dynamical processes on complex networks. We find that all analyzed models display similar critical behavior, characterized by the presence of two distinct regimes. At small scales, sizes, and durations of avalanches exhibit distributions that are dependent on the network topology and the model dynamics. At asymptotically large scales instead—irrespective of the type of dynamics and of the topology of the underlying network—sizes and durations of avalanches are characterized by power-law distributions with the exponents of the standard mean-field critical branching process.