Bacterial Diversity Evolution in Maya Plaster and Stone Following a Bio-Conservation Treatment
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítemAutor
Jroundi, Fadwa; Elert, Kerstin; Ruiz-Agudo, Encarnación; González Muñoz, María Teresa; Rodríguez Navarro, Carlos ManuelEditorial
Frontiers Media SA
Materia
Maya area Bacterial diversity Bioconsolidation treatment Nutritional medium Carbonatogenic bacteria Tuff stone Plaster
Fecha
2020-11-09Referencia bibliográfica
Jroundi F, Elert K, Ruiz-Agudo E, Gonzalez-Muñoz MT and Rodriguez-Navarro C (2020) Bacterial Diversity Evolution in Maya Plaster and Stone Following a Bio-Conservation Treatment. Front. Microbiol. 11:599144. [doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.599144]
Patrocinador
Santander Program, Peabody Museum (Harvard University); David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies (DRCLAS) at Harvard University under the "Research and Conservation of Maya Sculpture" project; Spanish Government RTI2018-099565-B-I00; Junta de Andalucía RNM-179 BIO 103; University of Granada (Unidad Científica de Excelencia) UCEPP2016-05Resumen
To overcome the limitations of traditional conservation treatments used for protection
and consolidation of stone and lime mortars and plasters, mostly based on polymers or
alkoxysilanes, a novel treatment based on the activation of indigenous carbonatogenic
bacteria has been recently proposed and applied both in the laboratory and in situ.
Despite very positive results, little is known regarding its effect on the evolution of the
indigenous bacterial communities, specially under hot and humid tropical conditions
where proliferation of microorganisms is favored, as it is the case of the Maya area.
Here, we studied changes in bacterial diversity of severely degraded tuff stone and
lime plaster at the archeological Maya site of Copan (Honduras) after treatment with
the patented sterile M-3P nutritional solution. High-throughput sequencing by Illumina
MiSeq technology shows significant changes in the bacterial population of the treated
stones, enhancing the development of Arthrobacter, Micrococcaceae, Nocardioides,
Fictibacillus, and Streptomyces, and, in one case, Rubrobacter (carved stone blocks at
Structure 18). In the lime plaster, Arthrobacter, Fictibacillus, Bacillus, Agrococcus, and
Microbacterium dominated after treatment. Most of these detected genera have been
shown to promote calcium carbonate biomineralization, thus implying that the novel
bio-conservation treatment would be effective. Remarkably, the treatment induced the
reduction or complete disappearance of deleterious acid-producing bacteria such as
Marmoricola or the phylum Acidobacteria. The outcome of this study demonstrates
that such a bio-conservation treatment can safely and effectively be applied on
temples, sculptures and stuccos of the Maya area and, likely, in other hot and
humid environments.