Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítemAutor
Menéndez López-Mateos, Luisa; Carreño Carreño, J.; Palma, J. C.; Alarcón Pérez, José Antonio; Menéndez López-Mateos, C.; Menéndez Núñez, MarioEditorial
Springer Nature
Materia
3D photography Soft tissues Reference values Face Anthropometry
Fecha
2019Referencia bibliográfica
López-Mateos, M. M., Carreño-Carreño, J., Palma, J. C., Alarcón, J. A., López-Mateos, C. M., & Menéndez-Núñez, M. (2019). Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements. BMC oral health, 19(1), 196.
Resumen
Background: Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous
advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European
adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric
parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism.
Methods: A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50
men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I,
mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured noninvasively
using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin
areas were identified.
Results: Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip
height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in
the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip
prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the
exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men.
Conclusions: Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European
adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable
differences in size between sexes