Entropy-based assessment of complexity structural effects of the third dimension, case seismic nest of Los Santos (Colombia)

Abstract

This paper focuses on analysing, from an entropy-based approach, the implications on structural complexity associated with the third dimension (depth), considering along with latitude and longitude as part of the spatial distribution of earthquakes recorded in the Los Santos seismic nest within the Bucaramanga geologic complex, Santander, Colombia, during the period from January 2018 to December 2021. Highlighting entropy as a measure of uncertainty and system organisation, variations between two and three dimensions of significant characteristics of spatio-temporal patterns of registered seismic events are explored. After a preliminary descriptive analysis, simulations and randomisations are performed to validate the observed effects. The study proposes future directions, such as the consideration of non-linear distance measures and the inclusion of released energy in the entropy calculation, to contribute to the understanding of the spatial complexity of seismic phenomena and provide a solid basis for future research in this critical area.