Expected trends and surprises in the Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation history of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands

Abstract

Esta contribución enfatiza sobre la importancia de los registros paleoecológicos de alta resolución en la evolución de la vegetación desde el Tardiglacial al Holoceno reciente en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares, en base a respuestas inerciales, resilientes y rápidas de la vegetación al cambio climático, con diferencias a nivel regional, analizando el papel del fuego, el pastoreo, la agricultura y otras perturbaciones antropogénicas sobre los cambios de las formaciones vegetales. La originalidad de esta contribución ha supuesto ser citada en Google Scholar con 393 citas, lo que corrabora su aceptación como datos innovadores, cuyos resultados y conocimientos siguen siendo fundamentales en publicaciones actuales, como se indica en el siguiente apartado. Abstract Recent, high-resolution palaeoecological records are changing the traditional picture of post-glacial vegetation succession in the Iberian Peninsula. In addition to the influence of Lateglacial and Early Holocene climatic changes, other factors are critical in the course of vegetation development and we observe strong regional differences. The floristic composition, location and structure of glacial tree populations and communities may have been primary causes of vegetation development. Refugial populations in the Baetic cordilleras would have been a source, but not the only one, for the early Lateglacial oak expansions. From Mid to Late Holocene, inertial, resilient, and rapid responses of vegetation to climatic change are described, and regional differences in the response are stressed. The role of fire, pastoralism, agriculture, and other anthropogenic disturbances (such as mining), during the Copper, Bronze, Iberian, and Roman times, is analysed. The implications of ecological transitions in cultural changes, especially when they occur as societal collapses, are discussed.