https://hdl.handle.net/10481/35001 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 05:07:50 GMT 2026-04-05T05:07:50Z https://hdl.handle.net/10481/98019 Cabalito: un adverbio dieciochesco en la historia del español europeo García Godoy, María Teresa; Calderón Campos, Ambrosio Miguel Este trabajo demuestra el valor añadido de las hemerotecas digitales para investigar diacrónicamente la diversidad diafásica y diatópica del español, muy invisibilizada todavía en los corpus diacrónicos de referencia. El análisis se focaliza en la historia del adverbio cabalito durante los siglos XVIII a XXI, con una base empírica compuesta, principalmente, por el corpus del diccionario histórico (big data con codificación lingüística) y la hemeroteca digital hispánica (big data sin codificación lingüística). Esta última se ha revelado como fuente de datos imprescindible para determinar que, en la perspectiva panhispánica, cabalito es un coloquialismo particular del español europeo que nace en el siglo XVIII, se generaliza en la centuria siguiente y desde mediados del siglo XX, experimenta un importante retroceso en el uso. El estudio demuestra que el género periodístico, infrarrepresentado en el corpus CDH, resulta crucial en la historia del españolismo cabalito, puesto que condicionó el proceso de estandarización.; This paper discusses experimental evidence of the relevance of digital newspaper libraries for the diachronic research on the diaphasic and diatopic diversity of Spanish, evidence that is hard to find in diachronic reference corpora. The focus is on the history of the adverb cabalito ‘exactamente’ from the 18th to the 21th c. The evidence relies mainly on the Corpus of the Historical Dictionary (Corpus del Diccionario Histórico, CDH) and the Spanish Digital Newspaper of the National Library of Spain. The latter proves an essential data source for the tenet that, in the pan-Hispanic view, cabalito is a colloquial form of European Spanish coined in the 18th c., in growing use during the 19th c., and in decay from the 20th c. onwards. This paper proves that the journalistic genre, underrepresented in the CDH, is crucial for the research on cabalito, for its heavy influence on this word’s standardization. Se remite a Digibud el correo en el que los editores dan el permiso para publicar el trabajo en el repositorio de la UGR. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/98019 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/94132 Big Data and Lexical History: Digital Newspaper Libraries in Spanish Diachronic Research García-Godoy, María Teresa https://hdl.handle.net/10481/94132 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90497 Historia de las fórmulas de tratamiento Calderón Campos, Ambrosio Miguel; García Godoy, María Teresa En la actualidad, las fórmulas de tratamiento se conciben como la combinación de pronombres, vocativos y desinencias verbales, en un juego concertado que permite graduar la cortesía entre los dos polos de la escala de familiaridad-respeto. El sistema medieval es continuación del latino: oposición tú/vos en singular, y vos como única forma de plural. En singular, los sistemas pronominales de tratamiento han pasado por tres fases: un sistema binario tú/vos hasta el siglo XV; otro ternario tú/vos/vuestra merced (> usted) desde el XV hasta principios del XVIII; y de nuevo un sistema binario tú/usted o vos/usted, según las regiones, desde el XVIII en adelante. Los estudios sobre la historia de las fórmulas de tratamiento se centran en tres grandes temas: 1) la evolución del pronombre medieval vos, para llegar, por una parte, al actual plural vosotros y, por otra, en singular, al voseo reverencial medieval y al de familiaridad moderno; 2) el origen de vuestra merced y su posterior gramaticalización en el pronombre usted, y 3) la desaparición de vosotros y su paradigma en América, Canarias y, parcialmente, en Andalucía occidental. El uso de ustedes como única forma de plural en la mayor parte del dominio hispánico parece relacionarse con la menor necesidad de distinguir entre familiaridad y respeto en este espacio.; Modern Spanish forms of address combine pronouns, vocatives and verbal endings so that it is possible to extend the use of the polite form between the two extremes of the scale of familiarityrespect. The medieval system continues the Latin system: opposition tú/vos in the singular, and vos as the only plural form. In the singular, the pronominal address systems have undergone three phases: a binary tú/vos system until the 15th century, a ternary tú/vos/vuestra merced (> usted) system from the 15th century until the beginning of the 18th century, and once again a binary tú/usted or vos/usted system —according to region— from the 18th century onward. Studies of the history of address formulae focus on three large issues: 1) the evolution of the medieval pronoun vos towards the current plural vosotros on the one hand, and on the other, towards the medieval reverential use of vos as the second person singular pronoun (or voseo), as well as to its contemporary informal use; 2) the origin of vuestra merced and its later grammaticalization asthe pronoun usted, and 3) the disappearance of vosotros and its paradigm in Latin America, the Canary Islands and partially in western Andalusia. The use of ustedes as the only plural form in most of the Hispanic world would seem to be related to a lesser need to distinguish between familiarity and respect in the plural. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90497 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90460 The European roots of the present-day Americanism su merced García Godoy, María Teresa; Calderón Campos, Ambrosio Miguel The allocutive su merced ‘His Grace, His Worship’ is currently regarded as a syntactic Americanism. In certain Hispanic American geolects, su merced is currently used for second person singular (2P su merced) deixis and may denote respect (V address) as well as intimacy (T address). The traditional hypothesis argues that these uses are only found in American Spanish, and that the alloc-utive su merced dates back to the Afro-Hispanic varieties of the colonial period. This chapter establishes, for the first time, the evolutionary connections of the current Americanism with the history of su merced usage in Spain. It also explores a new, non-literary database and argues for a new diachronic hypothesis on (2P) su merced, from a Pan-Hispanic perspective. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90460 https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90459 El pronombre informal usted en la historia del español García Godoy, María Teresa The Spanish language has usually codified the second person singular with binary pronominals, where usted is always the formal element (form of address V). Yet in contemporary Central America, an informal pronoum usted is in use (form of addess T). This Central American phenomenon (called ustedeo) represents a substantial distancing from the binary prototype, given that a single pronoun functions as the formal form of address (usted-V) as well as the informal (usted-T). This paper analyses two types of allocutive form of address codification in the Hispanic world: one whith a strictly grammatical base (two pronouns system) and the other of a more pragmatic nature (single pronoun system). In order to determine the origin of this latter system, this study will look at the dating of the ustedeo phenomenon, as a significant divergence from the binary pronominal prototype. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90459