DPS - Artículos

Intergroup contact with people experiencing poverty reduces hostile but not benevolent classism

Intergroup contact with people experiencing poverty reduces hostile but not benevolent classism Sainz, Mario; Jiménez Moya, Gloria; Lobato, Roberto M.; Laffert, Andreas; Vázquez, Alexandra; González, Roberto Intergroup contact can reduce bias against disadvantagedgroups, yet it may differentially shape ambivalent attitudes.This project examines how contact with people experienc-ing poverty relates to ambivalent classism and its policyconsequences. We hypothesized that positive and frequentcontact would have mixed effects, reducing the hostile di-mension of classism while reinforcing benevolent forms(protective paternalism and complementary class differen-tiation). We conducted a multi-country correlational study(N = 4209) examining associations between intergroupcontact and hostile and benevolent dimensions of ambiva-lent classism, incorporating support for social policies inseparate models for women and men experiencing poverty.We then carried out two experimental studies. In Study 2(N = 784), we used a recall paradigm to manipulate contactquality. In Study 3 (N = 931), a conceptual replication, weemployed a fictitious society paradigm to manipulate bothcontact quality and quantity with women and men expe-riencing poverty. Across studies, positive contact consist-ently reduced hostile classism but increased complementaryclass differentiation. Effects on protective paternalism andsupport for dependency-oriented policies were less consist-ent. Overall, the findings suggest that while contact mayattenuate overt hostility, it can simultaneously reinforcebenevolent representations of poverty, with implicationsfor support of restrictive policy measures. MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER “A way to make Europe”, Grant/ Award Number: PID2022-136736NA-I00 and PID2021-126085OB-I00; Centre for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies (COES - ANID/FONDAP/1523A0005)

E-health intervention in pregnant women exposed to intimate partner violence (eIPV): Results of a pilot randomised controlled trial

E-health intervention in pregnant women exposed to intimate partner violence (eIPV): Results of a pilot randomised controlled trial Zapata Calvente, Antonella Ludmila; Bueno Cavanillas, Aurora; Andreasen, Karen; Søndergaard Linde, Ditte; Rasch, Vibeke; Saeed Khan, Khalid; Martín De Las Heras, Stella Objective: To assess the feasibility of randomising a sufficiently large number of pregnant women who screen positive for intimate partner violence (IPV) to perform a full-scale effectiveness trial. Methods: This pilot randomised trial was nested within a cohort of IPV-positive pregnant women who accepted an e-health package in Spain and Denmark. This study was co-designed with patient input using a modified Zelen’s design and a qualitative evaluation. Eligible women were randomised to an intervention (received the e-health package) or to a control (received it with a delay). The primary outcome was the proportion of women screened positive for IPV who consented to be randomised to receive an e-health package with a delay. Results: Twenty-nine of the 51 women in the cohort were randomised. Of these, 12 were allocated to the control group, and 7 (58.3%) consented to receive the e-health package with a delay, i.e., 24.1% of the total randomised and 13.7% of the total cohort. The proportion of randomized women who adhered to treatment was 31.03% (9/29). Complete outcome data were obtained in 7/17 (41.17%) and 2/12 (16.66%) women in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Qualitative interviews indicated that the women perceived the intervention as beneficial and that delaying it was not acceptable. Conclusions: This pilot randomised trial indicated that a future full-scale randomised study would likely be unfeasible based on our a priori criteria to stop the trial. If a future large trial is launched, it should include an internal pilot with strict go/no-go criteria monitored by an independent committee.

The Quiet Sacrifice: How Sexual Coercion Experiences Shape Women's Sexual Wellbeing

The Quiet Sacrifice: How Sexual Coercion Experiences Shape Women's Sexual Wellbeing Garrido Macías, Marta; Gómez Pulido, Edgardo; Sáez, Gemma; Expósito Jiménez, Francisca Sexual coercion profoundly impacts women's sexual and relational well-being, necessitating an understanding of its underlying processes. This study examines the relationship between sexual coercion victimization and women's sexual and relationship satisfaction. A cross-sectional design with 113 women in heterosexual relationships assessed experiences of sexual coercion, self-silencing, unmitigated sexual communion, controlled reasons for sex, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and sexual desire. Findings indicate that sexual coercion victimization leads to higher levels of self-silencing and prioritization of partners' needs, resulting in lower sexual and relationship satisfaction and reduced sexual desire. The study highlights the need to address self-silencing and prioritization of partners' needs in interventions for sexual coercion victims, offering insights for gender-sensitive programs to mitigate these negative outcomes and encourage full sexual consent.

Sexual Harassment Among Women in Higher Education: Psychological Distress as a Mediator of Coping Strategies

Sexual Harassment Among Women in Higher Education: Psychological Distress as a Mediator of Coping Strategies Expósito Jiménez, Francisca; Sánchez-Hernández, M. Dolores; Badenes Sastre, Marta; Beltrán Morillas, Ana M.; Villanueva Moya, Laura Sexual harassment remains a widespread issue in higher education, with serious consequences, especially for women within the university setting. In this research, we explored the mediating role of psychological distress in the link between sexual harassment and coping strategies among women in higher education. In total, 637 women from the university community participated in this study, of whom 100 were victims of sexual harassment at their university. In Study 1, sexual harassment was found to predict higher levels of anxiety and depression, which were in turn associated with greater use of coping strategies focused on self-criticism, wishful thinking, and social withdrawal. In Study 2, sexual harassment predicted increased negative affect, which was subsequently associated with a stronger reliance on rumination. Taken together, the findings could suggest that the psychological distress women experience due to sexual harassment may determine their coping strategies. These results underscore the importance of adopting institutional measures that not only address the psychological impact of sexual harassment but also promote more adaptive coping strategies to reduce its long-term impact on women in higher education.

Development and Validation of a Brief Inventory of Psychosocial Factors Related to Organizational Changes and Occupational Stress

Development and Validation of a Brief Inventory of Psychosocial Factors Related to Organizational Changes and Occupational Stress Acosta Uribe, Beatriz; Martínez Hernández, Ariadna Crisantema; Sánchez Santa-Bárbara, Emilio; Guzmán Raya, Nancy In recent decades, profound transformations in work organization, employment conditions, and organizational change processes have intensified workers’ exposure to psychosocial risks, with significant consequences for occupational health and well-being. Despite the growing relevance of these risks, organizations often lack psychometrically robust instru ments capable of capturing psychosocial stressors associated with change, Conflicts, and working conditions in an integrated manner. The purpose of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate a questionnaire designed to measure psychosocial factors related to organizational changes, interpersonal Conflicts, and occupational well-being. An instrumental study design was employed, following international standards for the con struction and validation of psychological instruments. The sample consisted of 350 workers with a mean age of 33.19 years (SD = 9.18; range: 18–66) and an average organizational tenure of 6.71 years (SD = 8.61). The initial 48-item questionnaire was refined to a final version comprising 24 items distributed across 7 scales: Organizational Changes, Work Program, Job Security, Promotion, Training, Interpersonal Conflicts, and Lack of Participation. Preliminary analyses indicated that the data adequately met the assumptions for factor analysis (KMO = 0.81; Bartlett’s test χ2 = 4376.98, p < 0.001). The results supported a seven-factor structure explaining 72% of the total variance, with clear and interpretable factor loadings consistent with the theoretical model. Internal consistency was acceptable to excellent across scales (α = 0.72–0.91; ω = 0.84–0.95), including short scales with three items. Inter-scale correlations were low to moderate, supporting discriminant validity and indicating that the dimensions, while related, represent distinct constructs. Overall, the f indings provide strong evidence for the instrument’s reliability and validity based on its internal structure, supporting its use for psychosocial risk assessment and research on organizational changes, interpersonal Conflicts, and occupational well-being.