INTA - Artículos
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/36972
2024-03-29T02:28:24ZThe Role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Gestation and Pregnancy Outcomes
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86316
The Role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Gestation and Pregnancy Outcomes
Puche Juárez, María; Toledano, Juan M.; Moreno Fernández, Jorge; Gálvez Ontiveros, Yolanda; Rivas Velasco, Ana María; Díaz Castro, Javier; Ochoa Herrera, Julio José
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances widely disseminated
both in the environment and in daily-life products which can interfere with the regulation and
function of the endocrine system. These substances have gradually entered the food chain, being
frequently found in human blood and urine samples. This becomes a particularly serious issue
when they reach vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, whose hormones are more
unstable and vulnerable to EDCs. The proper formation and activity of the placenta, and therefore
embryonic development, may get seriously affected by the presence of these chemicals, augmenting
the risk of several pregnancy complications, including intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth,
preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus, among others. Additionally, some of them also exert
a detrimental impact on fertility, thus hindering the reproductive process from the beginning. In
several cases, EDCs even induce cross-generational effects, inherited by future generations through
epigenetic mechanisms. These are the reasons why a proper understanding of the reproductive
and gestational alterations derived from these substances is needed, along with efforts to establish
regulations and preventive measures in order to avoid exposition (especially during this particular
stage of life).
This research was funded by the Plan Propio de Investigación de la Universidad de Granada of Spain (grant number PP2022.PP-07). J.M.T. and M.P.-J. are grateful to the Ph.D. Excellence Program “Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos” from the University of Granada. J.M.T. was supported by an FPU contract with grant reference FPU21/04865 funded by the Ministry of Education of Spain.
Effect of Regular Consumption of a Miraculin-Based Food Supplement on Taste Perception and Nutritional Status in Malnourished Cancer Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial-CLINMIR Pilot Protocol
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86242
Effect of Regular Consumption of a Miraculin-Based Food Supplement on Taste Perception and Nutritional Status in Malnourished Cancer Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial-CLINMIR Pilot Protocol
López-Plaza, Bricia; Gil Hernández, Ángel
Taste disorders are common among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, with a prevalence ranging from 20% to 86%, persisting throughout treatment. This condition leads to reduced food consumption, increasing the risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition is associated not only with worse treatment efficacy and poor disease prognosis but also with reduced functional status and quality of life. The fruit of Synsepalum dulcificum (Daniell), commonly known as miracle berry or miracle fruit, contains miraculin, a taste-modifying protein with profound effects on taste perception. The CLINMIR Protocol is a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the regular consumption of a food supplement containing a miraculin-based novel food, dried miracle berry (DMB), on the taste perception (measured through electrogustometry) and nutritional status (evaluated through the GLIM Criteria) of malnourished cancer patients under active antineoplastic treatment. To this end, a pilot study was designed with 30 randomized patients divided into three study arms (150 mg DMB + 150 mg freeze-dried strawberries, 300 mg DMB, or placebo) for three months. Throughout the five main visits, an exhaustive assessment of different parameters susceptible to improvement through regular consumption of the miraculin-based food supplement will be conducted, including electrical and chemical taste perception, smell perception, nutritional and morphofunctional assessment, diet, quality of life, the fatty acid profile of erythrocytes, levels of inflammatory and cancer-associated cytokines, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system, plasma metabolomics, and saliva and stool microbiota. The primary anticipated result is that malnourished cancer patients with taste distortion who consume the miraculin-based food supplement will report an improvement in food taste perception. This improvement translates into increased food intake, thereby ameliorating their nutritional status and mitigating associated risks. Additionally, the study aims to pinpoint the optimal dosage that provides maximal benefits. The protocol adheres to the SPIRIT 2013 Statement, which provides evidence-based recommendations and is widely endorsed as an international standard for trial protocols. The clinical trial protocol has been registered at the platform for Clinical Trials (NCT05486260).
This study is funded by Medicinal Gardens S.L. by the Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI), "Cervera" Transfer R & D Projects. Ref. IDI-20210622. (Science and Education Ministry, Spain).; Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at:
https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/nu15214639/s1
Interwoven challenges of covid-19, poor diet, and cardiometabolic health
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86097
Interwoven challenges of covid-19, poor diet, and cardiometabolic health
Piernas Sánchez, Carmen María; Merino, Jordi
Carmen Piernas and Jordi Merino argue that suboptimal diet and poor metabolic health
aggravated the covid-19 pandemic and require greater attention to increase population resilience
and reduce health inequalities.
This article is part of a collection proposed by Swiss
Re, which also provided funding for the collection,
including open access fees.
Can alpha-linolenic acid be a modulator of “cytokine storm,” oxidative stress and immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/85649
Can alpha-linolenic acid be a modulator of “cytokine storm,” oxidative stress and immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
Cianciosi, Danila; Navarro Hortal, María Dolores
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a long-chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acid of the Ω3 series found mainly in vegetables, especially in the fatty part of oilseeds, dried fruit, berries, and legumes. It is very popular for its preventive use in several diseases: It seems to reduce the risk of the onset or decrease some phenomena related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and conditions of dysregulation of the immune response. Recent studies have confirmed these unhealthy situations also in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Different findings (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical ones), summarized and analyzed in this review, have showed an important role of ALA in other various non-COVID physiological and pathological situations against “cytokines storm,” chemokines secretion, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of immune cells that are also involved in the infection of the 2019 novel coronavirus. According to the effects of ALA against all the aforementioned situations (also present in patients with a severe clinical picture of severe acute respiratory syndrome-(CoV-2) infection), there may be the biologic plausibility of a prophylactic effect of this compound against COVID-19 symptoms and fatality.
The impact of docosahexaenoic acid on maternal mental health: scoping review
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/84890
The impact of docosahexaenoic acid on maternal mental health: scoping review
Masot, Olga; Ochoa Herrera, Julio José
Introduction: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid from the omega-3 series that appears to be key to perinatal mental health. For this, the aim of this review is to evaluate the effect of DHA on maternal mental health during pregnancy and lactation with respect to depression and anxiety. The present scoping review was carried out following the methodology of Arksey and O'Malley (2005). The selection of studies was carried out in accordance with PRISMA by means of systematic searches in the PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Medline databases. The results classified according to the effectiveness of DHA. In most (n = 9) of the 14 studies finally included, DHA plasma levels with or without other polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids were significantly lower in pregnant women with depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, no study reported a beneficial effect of DHA on mental health during the postpartum period. The majority used detection method was the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (n = 11). The prevalence of depressive symptoms ranged between 5.9 % and 50 %. As a conclusion, although more research is needed in this area, these exploratory results suggest that DHA could play an important role in preventing the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety during gestation.; Introducción: El ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA) es un ácido graso esencial poliinsaturado de la serie omega-3 que parece ser clave para la salud mental perinatal. Por ello, el objetivo de esta revisión es evaluar el efecto del DHA sobre la salud mental materna durante el embarazo y la lactancia con respecto a la depresión y la ansiedad. La presente revisión se llevó a cabo siguiendo la metodología de Arksey y O’Malley (2005). La selección de estudios se realizó de acuerdo con PRISMA mediante búsquedas sistemáticas en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO y Medline. Los resultados se catalogaron según la eficacia del DHA. En la mayoría (n = 9) de los 14 estudios finalmente incluidos, los niveles plasmáticos de DHA con o sin otros ácidos grasos omega-3 poliinsaturados fueron significativamente más bajos en mujeres embarazadas con síntomas de depresión y ansiedad. Sin embargo, ningún estudio informó un efecto beneficioso del DHA sobre la salud mental durante el periodo posparto. El método de detección más utilizado fue la Escala de Depresión Posparto de Edimburgo (n = 11). La prevalencia de síntomas depresivos osciló entre el 5,9 % y el 50 %. Como conclusión, aunque se necesita más investigación en este ámbito, los resultados exploratorios parecen indicar que el DHA juega un papel importante en la prevención de la patogenia de la depresión y la ansiedad durante el periodo de gestación.