https://hdl.handle.net/10481/33039 2026-04-11T12:45:45Z https://hdl.handle.net/10481/104761 Community pharmacy and selfcare provision: An international perspective Amador-Fernandez, Noelia; Desselle, Shane; Garcia-Cardenas, Victoria; Dineen Griffin, Sarah; Benrimoj, Shalom I A themed series of papers titled “Selfcare for Health System Sustainability: An International Series on the Role of Community Pharmacy” were published in the Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy journal between 2022 and 2024. The themed series covered 13 countries and had three objectives: Objective 1 to describe selfcare policies, strategies and developments in countries and the key changes envisaged to ensure a more effective use of non-prescription products and ensure patient safety regarding drug, non-drug products and practices; Objective 2 to provide country-based selfcare activities and services with examples of programs; and Objective 3 to discuss the challenges and opportunities community pharmacy/pharmacists face in relation to the provision of selfcare services. Most countries stated that there was little or no government policy recognition of selfcare and when they do exist, pharmacists' roles are rarely mentioned. Some countries stated that there was “no meaningful translation of the term selfcare” and on many occasions, different terminology such as “health promotion”, “prevention” or “disease prevention” were used. Minor ailment services and counselling on self-medication were the only two services listed by all authors related to selfcare. Although some services may include selfcare elements, most services identified include selfcare as a side component. One could question whether the term “selfcare” is understood in its broad definition by the pharmacy profession. Some of the challenges identified by authors were lack of service remuneration, lack of standardization of services, lack of selfcare training for pharmacists or lack of integration of pharmacies within the healthcare system. Pharmacies are reportedly already providing many services related to selfcare; however, it might be beneficial if the concept of selfcare was better defined, used more inclusively, more formally codified in regulatory policy to facilitate improvements and recognition of the roles of pharmacists and other health care providers. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/103208 Bioactive Substances and Skin Health: An Integrative Review from a Pharmacy and Nutrition Perspective Giménez Martínez, Rafael Jesús; Rivas García, Francisco; March Cerdá, Joan Carles; Hernández Ruiz, Ángela; González Castro, Martha Irene; Valverde Merino, María Isabel; Huertas Camarasa, Felipe José; López-Viota Gallardo, Margarita The skin is one of the largest and most important organs of our body. There are numerous factors that are related to skin health, including lifestyle factors, nutrition, or skin care. Bioactive substances from plant and marine extracts play a key role in skin health. The aim of this research was to compile the main evidence on skin and bioactive substances. An integrative review was performed, reporting the main findings according to PRISMA (2020). Thirteen search equations were developed. After the applications of the equations and the process of screening and selection of articles, 95 references were compiled. The main results related to bioactive compounds were classified into food-derived components, nutraceuticals, symbiotics, active substances of marine origin, and substances from plant extracts). There are several factors that indicate that the use of bioactive compounds are interesting for skin health, highlighting some dietary nutrients, substances obtained from plant extracts and metabolites of marine origin that, showing anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, are related to the improvement of some skin conditions or are active principles for cosmetics. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/94972 Health-Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Patients Undergoing Kidney Replacement Therapies Pereira-Céspedes, Alfonso; Jiménez Morales, Alberto; Polo Moyano, Aurora; Spruce-Esparza, Elizabeth; Palomares Bayo, María Magdalena; Martínez Martínez, Fernando; Calleja Hernández, Miguel Ángel Objective: Characterize the health-related quality of life among patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy and to explore associated factors. Method: A descriptive observational study was conducted using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life. The Dader Method was employed to evaluate negative out-comes associated with medications. Face-to-face interviews and clinical records were utilized to collect socio-demographic and clinical data from patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy at the Nephrology Department of Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital (Granada, Spain). We explored the association between independent variables (clinical and demographic factors) and dependent variables (Mental Component Score and Physical Component Score) using the linear regression method. Results: Ninety-one participants were included, 47 (48.35%) were females. The mean age was 62 years, 52 patients (57.14%) were on hemodialysis, 13 patients (14.29%) on peritoneal dialysis, and 26 patients (28.57%) on other forms of kidney replacement therapy. The study revealed a mean Physical Component Score of 40.89 and a Mental Component Score of 47.19. Additionally, 98.90% of the patients experienced negative outcomes as-sociated with medications. Influential factors include age, comorbid conditions, the number of medications, and clinical parameters such as vitamin D and calcium levels. Conclusions: This study underscores significant findings in patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy, indicating low Mental Component Score and Physical Component Score, accompanied by negative outcomes associated with medications.; Objetivo Caracterizar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en tratamiento renal sustitutivo y explorar los factores asociados. Método Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivo utilizando el cuestionario Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Se empleó el Método Dáder para evaluar los resultados negativos asociados con la medicación. Se realizaron entrevistas y se utilizaron historias clínicas para recopilar datos sociodemográficos y clínicos de pacientes sometidos a terapia de reemplazo renal en el servicio de nefrología del Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves (Granada, España). Se exploró la asociación entre las variables independientes (factores clínicos y demográficos) y las variables dependientes (Puntuación del Componente Mental y Puntuación del Componente Físico) utilizando el método de regresión lineal. Resultados Se incluyeron 91 participantes, 47 (48,35%) eran mujeres. La edad media fue de 62 años, 52 pacientes (57,14%) estaban en hemodiálisis, 13 pacientes (14,29%) en diálisis peritoneal, y 26 pacientes (28,57%) en otras formas de tratamiento renal sustitutivo. El estudio reveló una puntuación media del componente físico de 40,89 y una puntuación del componente mental de 47,19. Además, el 98,90% de los pacientes presentaba resultados negativos asociados a la medicación. Entre los factores asociados se incluyen: la edad, el número de comorbilidades, el número de medicamentos prescritos y parámetros clínicos como los niveles de vitamina D y calcio. Conclusiones Este estudio subraya hallazgos significativos en pacientes con tratamiento renal sustitutivo, indicando bajas puntuaciones de los componentes mental y físico medidas por el cuestionario, acompañadas de resultados negativos asociados con la medicación. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86237 Effect of Pharmaceutical Intervention in Pharmacologically Treated Hypertensive Patients—A Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial: AFPRES-CLM Study Luque del Moral, Raúl; Gastelurrutia, Miguel Ángel; Martínez Martínez, Fernando; Suarez, Blanca; Fikri-Benbrahim, Narjis Background: Evaluate the effect of a community pharmaceutical intervention on the control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients treated pharmacologically.Methods: A cluster-randomized clinical trial of 6 months was carried out. It was conducted in the Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Sixty-three community pharmacies and 347 patients completed the study. Intervention patients received the community pharmaceutical intervention based on a protocol that addresses the individual needs of each patient related to the control of their blood pressure, which included Health Education, Pharmacotherapy Follow-up and 24 h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement. Control patients received usual care in the community pharmacy.Results: The pharmaceutical intervention resulted in better control of blood pressure (85.8% vs. 66.3% p < 0.001), lower use of emergencies (p = 0.002) and improvement trends in the physical components of quality of life, measured by SF-36 questionnaire, after 6 months of pharmaceutical intervention. No significant changes were observed for any of these variables in the control group. There were also detected 354 negative medication-related outcomes that were satisfactorily resolved in a 74.9% of the cases and 330 healthcare education interventions and 29 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitorings were performed in order to increase adherence to pharmacological treatment and minimize Negative Outcomes associated with Medication and prevent medication-related problems.Conclusions: Community pharmaceutical intervention can increase hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure, after 6 months, compared with usual care. https://hdl.handle.net/10481/85918 Clinical Relevance of Drug Interactions in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy—Update 2022: Systematic Review Amariles Muñoz, Pedro; Rivera-Cadavid, Mónica; Ceballos, Mauricio Background: The clinical outcomes of antiretroviral drugs may be modified through drug interactions; thus, it is important to update the drug interactions in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Aim: To update clinically relevant drug interactions in PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy with novel drug interactions published from 2017 to 2022. Methods: A systematic review in Medline/PubMed database from July 2017 to December 2022 using the Mesh terms antiretroviral agents and drug interactions or herb–drug interactions or food–drug interactions. Publications with drug interactions in humans, in English or Spanish, and with full-text access were retrieved. The clinical relevance of drug interactions was grouped into five levels according to the gravity and probability of occurrence. Results: A total of 366 articles were identified, with 219 (including 87 citation lists) were included, which allowed for the identification of 471 drug interaction pairs; among them, 291 were systematically reported for the first time. In total 42 (14.4%) and 137 (47.1%) were level one and two, respectively, and 233 (80.1%) pairs were explained with the pharmacokinetic mechanism. Among these 291 pairs, protease inhibitors (PIs) and ritonavir/cobicistat-boosted PIs, as well as integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTIs), with 70 (24.1%) and 65 (22.3%) drug interaction pairs of levels one and two, respectively, were more frequent. Conclusions: In PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy, we identify 291 drug interaction pairs systematically reported for the first time, with 179 (61.5%) being assessed as clinically relevant (levels one and two). The pharmacokinetic mechanism was the most frequently identified. PIs, ritonavir/cobicistat-boosted PIs, and InSTIs were the antiretroviral groups with the highest number of clinically relevant drug interaction pairs (levels one and two).