CTS527 - Comunicaciones Congresos, Conferencias, ...

Effects of training cessation on anthropometrics, body composition and somatotype in adolescent swimmers

2023-11-10T09:52:13Z

Effects of training cessation on anthropometrics, body composition and somatotype in adolescent swimmers López-Belmonte, Óscar; Gay Párraga, Ana; Cuenca-Fernández, Francisco; Arellano Colomina, Raúl; Ruiz-Navarro, Jesús J.

Strength-velocity relationship of resisted swimming: A regression analysis

2021-06-15T13:03:07Z

Strength-velocity relationship of resisted swimming: A regression analysis Cuenca Fernández, Francisco; Ruiz Navarro, Jesús Juan; Arellano Colomina, Raúl This study explored how external loads affect semi-tethered resisted swimming (STRS). Twenty national competitive swimmers (age: 18.31 ± 1.42 years) participated in an incremental STRS test. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients between the load and the swimming variables were obtained, and simple linear regression analyses were applied to evaluate the associations. The results showed that less velocity and acceleration were delivered at high loads (p < 0.001). It increased the velocity fluctuation, affecting the swimming patterns adversely. A decrease in the impulse relative to the load pulled is obtained, especially after 20-30% of the maximal load (R2 = 0.724, p < 0.000). Coaches should reconsider using STRS, as little benefits may be obtained in performance.

Short course 50m female freestyle performance comparison between national and regional swimmers

2022-02-03T12:08:48Z

Short course 50m female freestyle performance comparison between national and regional swimmers Arellano Colomina, Raúl; Ruiz-Teba, Ana; Morales Ortiz, Esther; Gay Párraga, Ana; Cuenca Fernández, Francisco; López Contreras, Gracia

How post-activation performance enhancements affect semi-tethered swimming kinetics

2021-06-15T13:03:07Z

How post-activation performance enhancements affect semi-tethered swimming kinetics Cuenca Fernández, Francisco; Ruiz Navarro, Jesús Juan; Arellano Colomina, Raúl Introduction: When an action induces acute fatigue, it may be followed by a period of potentiated force production capability, termed as Post-activation Potentiation (PAP). One of the training philosophy principles PAP is based on is complex training, which consists on providing a resistive conditioning exercise as similar as possible to the real action before performing a sport-specific activity involving similar muscle groups. Nevertheless, a key criticism of inducing PAP in swimming is that the conditioning exercises applied in dry-land conditions may reduce the stimulus intensity or effectiveness. This study aimed to test if muscular performance might be elevated in semi-tethered swimming test by using a specific dry-land resistance warm-up simulating the arm-stroke pull of swimming. Methods: Ten competitive swimmers conducted an incremental semi-tethered swimming test on a Smith Machine adapted through a pulley system. Six minutes of rest were given between every maximal swimming effort (to 15m). Kinetic variables were obtained through a linear encoder connected to the Smith Machine’s bar, which allowed to individually identifying the related results according to the load that maximized maximal power output. On a different day, a trial with the same aforementioned load was performed after the experimental warm-up (3 arm-stroke repetitions at 85% 1RM). Statistical differences between the variables were determined using a repeated measures 1-way ANOVA. Results: The values were better when obtained during incremental testing, rather than obtained after PAP; the Intracyc Acceleration Variation delivered to the load was lower after PAP warm-up (p = 0.012; 6.08 ± 1.32 vs 4.68 ± 1.25 m/s2), mainly because the Force and Impulse applied per stroke were lower (p = 0.013; -20.71%; p = 0.002; -21.72%, respectively). Swimming Velocity (p = 0.001; 1.20 ± 0.14 vs 0.99 ± 0.15 m/s) and Swimming Power (p = 0.002; 51.35 ± 15.43 vs. 42.33 ± 13.03 W) were lower after PAP and kinematic variables were also negatively affected. Conclusion: A dry-land warm-up may not be an efficient approach to stimulate performance skills on swimming. Possibly an attenuation effect is obtained on muscle fibers from a high-resistance isokinetic exercise performed at low speed. Nevertheless, is worthy of review that maximal swimming power output was achieved at 56% of the maximal load. It meant that at least 1 to 3 efforts were performed by every subject prior the execution of the selected trial. As fatigue impairs performance, more fatigue accumulation was expected to occur during that trial in comparison to the only trial performed after PAP; however it did not happen. Possibly, the combination of specific in-water resistance exercise and the time of rest given between trials constituted an effective way to get recovered from fatigue while potentiation still existed. Future studies should consider if swimmers may benefit of semi-tethered low loaded swimming as a way to induce PAP. Acknowledgements: DEP2014-59707-P: SWIM: Specific Water Innovative Measurements, applied to the development of International Swimmers in Short Swimming Events (50and100m).

Postactivation potentiation in sprint swimming performance

2022-03-08T08:53:46Z

Postactivation potentiation in sprint swimming performance Cuenca Fernández, Francisco; Gay Párraga, Ana; Ruiz Navarro, Jesús Juan; Morales Ortiz, Esther; López Contreras, Gracia; Arellano Colomina, Raúl Introduction: In sprint swimming, every instant is critical. Nowadays, is common to see how sprint swimmers prepare for racing by activating themselves on many different ways such as doing ballistic stretching, by increasing their breathing and heart rate, or by strongly clapping their chest or limbs. Therefore, it cannot be rejected the fact that sprint swimmers need to create an extra activation on their neuromuscular system in order to race at the best of their capacities. Many of those methods have been based on post-activation potentiation (PAP). A procedure which improves muscle contractility both in strength and speed through previously applying maximal or submaximal conditioning exercises on the muscle system. The aim of this study was testing different PAP protocols on sprint swimming performance. Methods: This study received the approval of the ethics committee of the research board’s university and all the protocols accomplished with the declaration of Helsinki regarding the use of human subjects. Thirty trained swimmers volunteered to participate on this study and signed informed consent. First of all, all the swimmers were obtained the maximal repetition lifting load (RM), through strength tests consisting on an incremental load repetition test both for lower and upper limbs. In order to obtain results related to specific swimming-movements, PAP methods were extrapolated from experimental conditions and tested on a swimming start performance. Free-weight load lifting and maximal eccentric flywheel contractions simulating the movement of a swimming start were tested. Kinetic and kinematic variables of performance were obtained through a dynamometer experimental block start station and by photogrammetry. Individual’s strength index were also discussed and related to the results. Finally, conditioning exercises simulating arm strokes in swimming through free-weight and eccentric flywheel were tested on the variables of competition of a swimming race. Results: Swimming starts were able of being improved through PAP as velocity at take-off was higher, specially after eccentric warm-up protocols. These improvements would come from improvements on the vertical vectors of force/impulse developed by the lower limbs on the block. In fact, stronger athletes seemed to react better to PAP protocols, possibly because myosin phosphorylation (main PAP precursor) is more frequent on type II fibers. The first meters of a swimming race might be improved by using PAP. However, some swimming patterns as stroke length might be deteriorated along the race. Conclusion: Fatigue and potentiation co-exists as responses of PAP, therefore, it generates very individualized responses, specially in males. Positive results might be obtained from applying PAP methods on the swimming start impulse although is still needed finding a suitable intensity for the conditioning exercises applied on upper limbs. Acknowledgements: DEP2014-59707-P: SWIM: Specific Water Innovative Measurements, applied to the development of International Swimmers in Short Swimming Events (50and100m).