@misc{10481/96105,
year = {2024},
month = {5},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/96105},
abstract = {This article presents a comprehensive study on the
synthesis, characterization, and integration of laser-synthetized
graphene-based materials in a wearable device for noninvasive
physiological monitoring. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) and
laser-reduced graphene oxide (LrGO) materials are synthesized
and characterized under different techniques to analyze and
compare their structural and chemical properties, including
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-Raman spectroscopy,
and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These materials
are used afterward for the fabrication of temperature sensors,
micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), and electrocardiogram (ECG)
electrodes. In particular, the temperature dependence of the
electrical conductivity of LrGO is exploited for the fabrication
of temperature-dependent resistors with a sensitivity
of −1.23 k ·◦C−1, which are used as body temperature sensors
after being encapsulated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to
increase their linearity and immunity to humidity changes.
Moreover, both MSCs and ECG electrodes are developed by
leveraging the highly porous structure of LIG, demonstrating a
good electrochemical and ECG acquisition performance. Furthermore,
a wearable device is designed and fabricated integrating
these graphene-based components in a rigid-flex printed circuit
board (PCB) together with a Bluetooth low energy (BLE)
microcontroller, thus enabling the wireless transmission of the
physiological data to external monitoring devices. The power
consumption has been optimized for extended battery life, allowing
continuous monitoring over prolonged periods. Overall, this
study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating
graphene-based materials into real wearable applications.},
organization = {Grant CNS2022-135915 funded by
MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR},
organization = {Spanish Ministry of Science and
Innovation through the grants PRE2021-096886 and Ramón y Cajal Fellow
RYC2019-027457-I},
organization = {Junta de Andalucía—Consejería
de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación, under Project ProyExcel_00268
and Project P21_0010},
organization = {MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
and the European Union Next-Generation EU/PRTR through Project
TED2021-129949A-I00 and Project PID2020-117344RB-I00},
organization = {Funding for
open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA},
publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)},
keywords = {Electrocardiogram (ECG)},
keywords = {Laser-induced graphene (LIG)},
keywords = {Reduced-graphene oxide},
title = {Graphene-Enabled Wearable for Remote ECG and Body Temperature Monitoring},
doi = {10.1109/JFLEX.2024.3405895},
author = {Toral López, Víctor and Houeix, Yann and Gerardo, Denice and Blasco Pascual, Isabel and Rivadeneyra Torres, Almudena and Romero Maldonado, Francisco Javier},
}