@misc{10481/92552,
year = {2024},
month = {1},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/92552},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has taught us valuable lessons, especially the urgent need for a widespread, rapid and
sensitive diagnostic tool. To this, the integration of bidimensional nanomaterials, particularly graphene, into
point-of-care biomedical devices is a groundbreaking strategy able to potentially revolutionize the diagnostic
landscape. Despite advancements in the fabrication of these biosensors, the relationship between their surface
biofunctionalization and sensing performance remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of
careful sensor fabrication and its precise surface biofunctionalization is crucial for exalting the sensing performances
of 2D biosensors. Specifically, we have biofunctionalized Graphene Field-Effect Transistor (GFET) sensors
surface through different biochemical reactions to promote either random/heterogeneous or oriented/homogeneous immobilization of the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody. Each strategy was thoroughly
characterized by in-silico simulations, physicochemical and biochemical techniques and electrical characterization.
Subsequently, both biosensors were tested in the label-free direct titration of SARS-CoV-2 virus in simulated
clinical samples, avoiding sample preprocessing and within short timeframes. Remarkably, the oriented GFET
biosensor exhibited significantly enhanced reproducibility and responsiveness, surpassing the detection sensitivity
of conventional non-oriented GFET by more than twofold. This breakthrough not only involves direct
implications for COVID-19 surveillance and next pandemic preparedness but also clarify an unexplored mechanistic
dimension of biosensor research utilizing 2D-nanomaterials.},
organization = {Comunidad de
Madrid for the predoctoral grant IND2020/BIO-17523},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) for project No DTS20/00109
(AES20-ISCIII) and PI22/00789 (AES22-ISCIII)},
organization = {FEDER, “Una manera de hacer Europa”},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)},
organization = {Ministerio de
Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN)},
organization = {Pro CNIC Foundation},
organization = {Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX 2020-001041-S funded
by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)},
organization = {Spanish
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) for funding the METALBIO
Research Network (reference: RED 2022-134091-T) and the project
CPP2022-009952 (MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033, also funded
by European Union NextGenerationEU/ PRTR)},
organization = {Comunidad de Madrid for funding the
REACT ANTICIPA-CM project},
organization = {Instituto de Salud
Carlos III (ISCIII) for project No DTS20/00038},
organization = {Agencia Española de
Investigación for research project PID 2021-128547OB-I00},
organization = {Junta de Andalucía for
research projects P18-RT-4826, PYC-020-RE-023UGR, A-TIC-628-UGR20 (FEDER)},
publisher = {Elsevier},
keywords = {Graphene field effect transistor},
keywords = {Biosensor},
keywords = {Oriented immobilization},
title = {High enhancement of sensitivity and reproducibility in label-free SARS-CoV-2 detection with graphene field-effect transistor sensors through precise surface biofunctionalization control},
doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2024.116040},
author = {Lozano Chamizo, Laura and Márquez González, Carlos and Marciello, Marzia and Galdón Gil, José Carlos and de la Fuente Zapico, Elsa and Martínez Mazón, Paula and González Rumayor, Víctor and Filice, Marco and Gámiz Pérez, Francisco Jesús},
}