@misc{10481/84959,
year = {2023},
month = {8},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/84959},
abstract = {In March 2021 an effusive eruption began at the Fagradalsfjall volcanic system in Iceland, ending nearly 800 years of dormancy on the Reykjanes peninsula. The eruption produced lava flows and moderate gas emissions and, although it did not cause significant disruption, highlighted the need for near real-time monitoring of volcanic activity on the peninsula for future eruptions. The activity passed through several phases, each characterised by a different eruption style, providing a rich testbed for monitoring methodologies.
We present measurements of the volcanic sulphur dioxide (SO2) emission rate and injection altitude throughout the eruption, generated by combining satellite SO2imagery from TROPOMI with PlumeTraj, a back-trajectory analysis toolkit. We compare the results with ground-based measurements of the emission rate and plume altitude, finding excellent agreement in the plume altitude. Reasonable agreement was also found between the measured emission rates, with the best match for stronger and more continuous emissions. This demonstrates the ability for PlumeTraj to monitor SO2emissions from future effusive eruptions, while highlighting the need for care when analysing results from low altitude plumes or during periods of high cloud cover.},
organization = {UK Natural Environment Re-search Council (NERC)},
organization = {V-PLUS (NE/S004106/1)},
organization = {Dis-Eqm (NE/N018575/1) projects},
organization = {Centre for Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes},
organization = {Volcanoes, and Tectonics (COMET)},
organization = {ESA S5P MPC (grant no. 4000117151/16/I-LG)},
organization = {ESA S5P PAL (https://data -portal .s5p -pal .com/)},
organization = {Belgium Prodex TRACE-S5P (grant no. PEA 5 4000105598) projects},
organization = {The TROPOMI COBRA SO2product can be obtained through the S5P PAL data portal},
publisher = {Elsevier},
keywords = {Volcanology},
keywords = {Sulphur dioxide},
keywords = {TROPOMI},
keywords = {Fagradalsfjall},
keywords = {Volcano monitoring},
title = {Satellite derived SO2emissions from the relatively low-intensity, effusive 2021 eruption of Fagradalsfjall, Iceland},
doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118325},
author = {Esse, Ben and Titos Luzón, Manuel Marcelino},
}