@misc{10481/80904,
year = {2023},
month = {1},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/80904},
abstract = {Background: Recent evidence suggest that energy distribution during the daytimecould
be a potential determinant for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Objective: To crosssectionally
assess the association between breakfast size and the prevalence of MetS in Spanish
adults. Methods: Our study included a subset of 3644 participants from the European Prospective
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Spain study recontacted between 2017–2018. Information on
diet, sociodemographic, lifestyle, sleep quality, and chronotype was collected using standardized
questionnaires, while anthropometric and blood pressure data were measured in a face-to-face
personal interview by a nurse. MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII)
definition by measuring serum levels of total cholesterol, tryglycerides and glucose. Breakfast size
was calculated as: (energy from breakfast/total energy intake) * 2000 kcal. To evaluate the association
between breakfast size and MetS prevalence, a multivariable logistic regression model adjusted
by potential confounders was used to estimate OR and 95% CI. Results: Prevalence of MetS in
our study was 40.7%. The mean breakfast size was 306.6 * 2000 kcal (15% of the total daily energy
intake), with 14 (0.4%) participants skipping breakfast. Participants in the highest quartile of breakfast
size had a lower MetS prevalence compared to participants in the lowest quartile (ORQ4vsQ1 = 0.62;
95% CI = 0.51–0.76; p-trend < 0.001). No modification of the estimated ORs by sex, breakfast time,
and number of eating occasions per day were observed. Conclusion: Our results suggest that
higher breakfast size is associated with lower prevalence of MetS in Spanish adults, supporting the importance of a high energy breakfast. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm
these findings.},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III	PI15/00347
PI15/01752
PI15/00579
PI15/02181
PI15/01658},
organization = {Marato TV3	201604-10},
organization = {European Commission
European Commission Joint Research Centre},
organization = {International Agency for Research on Cancer},
organization = {Health Research Fund (FIS)& Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)},
organization = {Catalan Institute of OncologyICO},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III},
organization = {Junta de Andalucia},
organization = {Principality of Asturias},
organization = {Basque Government},
organization = {Regional Government of Murcia},
organization = {Regional Government of Navarra},
publisher = {MDPI},
keywords = {Chrononutrition},
keywords = {Breakfast},
keywords = {Metabolic syndrome},
keywords = {Meal timing},
title = {Breakfast Size and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Spanish Cohort},
doi = {10.3390/nu15030630},
author = {Luján Barroso, Leila and Sánchez Pérez, María José and Molina Montes, María Ester and Rodríguez Barranco, Miguel},
}