@misc{10481/76975,
year = {2022},
month = {8},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/76975},
abstract = {The third early Gaia data release (EDR3) has improved the accuracy of the astrometric parameters of numerous long-period variable (LPV) stars. Many of these stars are on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), showing either a C-rich or O-rich envelope and are characterised by high luminosity, changing surface composition, and intense mass loss. This make them very useful for stellar studies. In a previous investigation, we used Gaia DR2 astrometry to derive the luminosity function, kinematic properties, and stellar population membership of a flux-limited sample of carbon stars in the solar neighbourhood of different spectral types. Here, we extend this initial study to more recent surveys with a greater number of Galactic carbon stars and related stars by adopting the more accurate EDR3 astrometry measurements. Based on a much larger statistics, we confirm that N- and SC-type carbon stars share a very similar luminosity function, while the luminosities of J-type stars (Mbol) are fainter by half a magnitude on average. R-hot type carbon stars have luminosities throughout the RGB, which favours the hypothesis of an external origin for their carbon enhancement. Moreover, the kinematic properties of a significant fraction of the R-hot stars are compatible with the thick-disc population, in contrast with that of N- and SC-type stars, which would belong mostly to the thin disk. We also derive the luminosity function of a large number of Galactic extrinsic and intrinsic (O-rich) S stars and show that the luminosities of the latter are typically higher than the predicted onset of the third dredge-up during the AGB for solar metallicity. This result is consistent with these stars being genuine thermally pulsing AGB stars. On the other hand, using the so-called Gaia-2MASS diagram, we show that the overwhelming majority of the carbon stars identified in the LAMOST survey as AGB stars are probably R-hot and/or CH-type stars. Finally, we report the identification of ∼2660 new carbon stars candidates that we identified through their 2MASS photometry, their Gaia astrometry, and their location in the Gaia-2MASS diagram.},
organization = {AEI FEDER
	MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033},
organization = {INSU},
organization = {MCIN},
organization = {María de Maeztu
	CEX2019-000918-M},
organization = {European Commission

RTI2018-095076-B-C21	EC},
organization = {Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales},
organization = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique},
organization = {Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives},
organization = {European Regional Development Fund},
organization = {Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona},
publisher = {EDP Sciences},
keywords = {Stars: late-type},
keywords = {Stars: carbon},
keywords = {Techniques: miscellaneous},
title = {Characterisation of Galactic carbon stars and related stars from Gaia EDR3},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/202243595},
author = {Abia Ladrón De Guevara, Carlos Antonio and Laverny, P. de and Romero-Gómez, M. and Figueras, F.},
}