@misc{10481/76485,
year = {2022},
month = {7},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/76485},
abstract = {Background: Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Aim: To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine
administration.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at
least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered,
perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual
symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021.
Results: Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the
study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported
menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall p < 0.001) and slightly more smokers (p = 0.05) than women
who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased
fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant
menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer
days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%).
Conclusion: Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future
studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.},
organization = {Antonio ChamorroAlejandro Otero Research Chair, University of Granada},
publisher = {SAGE},
keywords = {Fatigue},
keywords = {Immunization},
keywords = {Menstrual bleeding},
keywords = {Menstrual cycle},
keywords = {Pain},
keywords = {SARS-CoV-2},
title = {Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project},
doi = {10.1177/17455057221112237},
author = {Baena García, Laura and Aparicio García-Molina, Virginia and Molina López, Ana and Aranda Ramírez, Pilar and Cámara Roca, Laura and Ocón Hernández, Olga},
}