@misc{10481/75466,
year = {2022},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/75466},
abstract = {Con el desarrollo de la presente investigación
se pretende determinar la percepción de
autoeficacia emprendedora de los estudiantes
de grado universitario (G.U.) y de grado
superior (G.S.) de formación profesional de
la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, con objeto
de poder comparar los datos obtenidos con
el resto de las comunidades autónomas de
España, comprobar si existen diferencias en
dichas percepciones entre los estudiantes de
G.U. y G.S., así como entre las puntuaciones
obtenidas entre los estudiantes de primer curso
académico de G.S. y los de segundo curso
(que han cursado la asignatura de Formación
y Orientación Profesional Laboral –FOL–).
Para ello, se contó con la participación de
177 alumnos pertenecientes a grados universitarios
del campus de Melilla de la Universidad
de Granada, (Facultad de Ciencias
Sociales y Jurídicas, Facultad de Educación
y Humanidades y Facultad de Enfermería),
y de grados superior de institutos de educación
secundaria de la ciudad, de ambos sexos
y en edades comprendidas entre 18 y 50 años,
a quienes se les facilitó la versión adaptada
por Moriano et al. (2012) del Enterpreneurial
Self-Efficacy (ESE; De Noble, Jung y Ehrlich,
1999). Los resultados exponen que existe una
diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la
autoeficacia emprendedora percibida entre la
muestra estudiada y los alumnos de las demás
comunidades autónomas. Por otro lado, no
se encontraron diferencias significativas en
este constructo entre los estudiantes de G.U.
y G.S.; tampoco entre los alumnos pertenecientes
al primer y segundo curso del G.S.
Palabras clave: autoeficacia emprendedora,
emprendimiento, estudiantes de formación
profesional, estudiantes universitarios,
factores de emprendimiento},
abstract = {The crises and the quick technological
progress are changing the job market at high
speeds. The mobility (search of employment in other countries), the reductions of staff to be
competitive or the adaptation at new technologies
are always making businesses improve.
One of these changes is the necessary
increase of small business owners. Morales,
Giménez and Morales (2018) say that they are
who create their own business; for Alda-Varas,
Villardón-Gallego and Elexpuru-Albizuri
(2012) entrepreneurship is vital to create new
ideas and improve the economy of the society.
This explains the importance of introducing
actions to develop the entrepreneur. However,
nobody starts a job if they don’t feel prepared
to do it; and in the case of the entrepreneur
this is called “entrepreneurial self-efficacy”.
Morales et al. (2018) define entrepreneurial
self-efficacy as the abilities and the aptitude,
both cognitive and behavioral, and the beliefs,
influenced by many factors (the experience
and the emotions), which will determinate the
success or not in the creation of a new business.
Reynolds, Hay and Camp (1999) explain
the meaning of entrepreneurship as the efforts
to create businesses or new societies, like
self-employment, the foundation of business
organisms, or the extension of business
already created, directed by one person, a team
or an establishment. Enterprising is not a static
quality, but a process (Alda-Varas et al., 2012)
in constant change. The small business owner
passes through a series of periods in which he
or she develops his qualities. Summarized,
this process has four periods (Alda-Varas et
al., 2012) start, institutionalization, decentralization
and conglomerate or social cohesion,
each involving different functions and tasks.
There is a series of characteristics (competences)
associated with the self-employment
which can forge success in the future: being
a persistent person, having passion, determination,
farsightedness, flexibility and good
communication skills. Besides the abilities
and the attitudes quoted that can be denominated
“interior factors”, there is another set
of factors that influence in the success of the
small business owner: these are the economic,
cultural and social circumstances.
It is worth asking at this stage if the current
education system helps mould and create this
entrepreneurial attitude, this perception of
self-employment that motivates the students
to consider creating their own business when
they finish their studies. Since the education
system presents two ways for the students
to eventually join the work force (university
and professional training), this begs the question
if both of these ways are equally effective
in developing entrepreneurial skills in the
students.
This article pretends to describe the perception
of the entrepreneurial self-efficacy for
the students of the university degree (U.D.)
and the superior grade (S.G.) of professional
training of the Autonomous City of Melilla,
with the purpose to compare all the data with
the rest of the autonomous communities of
Spain and test two hypotheses:
First hypothesis: students who have finalized
S.G. will have a better perception of the
entrepreneurial self-efficacy than students
who have finished U.D. mainly due to the
characteristics of the curriculum design.
Second hypothesis: students in the 2nd
course of S.G. (who have already taken the
subject of Training and Vocational Guidance)
will present a greater perception of entrepreneurial
self-efficacy than those in the 1st
course.
A total of 177 subjects participated,
belonging to both S.G. and .U.D., both sexes,
and ages between 18 and 50 years old, who
answered the scale Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy
(ESE; De Noble, Jung y Ehrlich, 1999), in
the adapted version by Moriano et al. (2012).
Results show that there is a statistically significant
difference between the entrepreneurial
self-efficacy perceived in the sample studied
and other peninsular students. On the other
hand, no difference was found between U.D.
and S.G. students.},
publisher = {Centro Interamericano de Investigaciones Psicológicas y Ciencias Afines},
keywords = {Autoeficacia emprendedora},
keywords = {Emprendimiento},
keywords = {Estudiantes de formación profesional},
keywords = {Estudiantes universitarios},
keywords = {Factores de emprendimiento},
keywords = {Entrepreneurial self-efficacy},
keywords = {Entrepreneurship},
keywords = {Entrepreneurship factors},
keywords = {Students of the superior grade},
keywords = {Students of the university degree},
title = {Autoeficacia emprendedora en alumnos de grados universitarios y de grados superiores de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla},
doi = {10.16888/interd.2022.39.2.1},
author = {González Cánovas, Alejandro and Fernández Millán, Juan Manuel and Pérez del Cerro, Francisco},
}