@misc{10481/74438,
year = {2022},
month = {3},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/74438},
abstract = {Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease burden in the world by non-communicable 
diseases. Nutritional interventions promoting high-quality dietary patterns with low caloric intake value and high nutrient 
density (ND) could be linked to a better control of CVD risk and recurrence of coronary disease. This study aims to assess 
the efects of a dietary intervention based on MedDiet or Low-Fat dietary intervention over changes in ND and food intake 
after 1 and 7 years of follow-up of the CORDIOPREV study.
Methods We prospectively analyzed the results of the 802 coronary patients randomized to two healthy dietary patterns 
(MedDiet=425, Low-Fat Diet=377) who completed the 7 years of follow-up and had all the dietary data need. Dietary 
intake information obtained from a validated 137-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to calculate 1- and 7-year 
changes in dietary intake and ND (measured as nutrient intake per 1000 kcal). T test was used to ascertain diferences in food 
intake and ND between groups across follow-up time. Within-subject (dietary allocation group) diferences were analyzed 
with ANOVA repeated measures.
Results From baseline to 7 years of follow-up, signifcant increases of vegetables, fruits, and whole cereals within groups 
(p<0.001) was found. We found a higher increase in dietary intake of certain food groups with MedDiet in comparison with 
Low-Fat Diet for vegetables (46.1 g/day vs. 18.1 g/day, p<00.1), fruits (121.3 g/day vs. 72.9 g/day), legumes (4.3 g/day vs. 
0.16 g/day) and nuts (7.3 g/day vs. − 3.7 g/day). There was a decrease in energy intake over time in both groups, slightly 
higher in Low-Fat Diet compared to MedDiet group (− 427.6 kcal/day vs. − 279.8 kcal/day at 1st year, and − 544.6 kcal/
day vs. − 215.3 kcal/day after 7 years of follow-up). ND of all the nutrients increased within group across follow-up time, 
except for Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA), cholesterol and sodium (p<0.001).
Conclusions A comprehensive dietary intervention improved quality of diet, reducing total energy intake and increasing the 
intake of healthy food groups and overall ND after 1 year and maintaining this trend after 7 years of follow-up. Our results 
reinforce the idea of the participation in trials, enhance nutrition literacy and produces better nutritional outcomes in adult 
patients with established CVD.
Clinical trial registry The trial was registered in 2009 at ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00924937)},
organization = {CITOLIVA},
organization = {Centro de Excelencia en Investigacion sobre Aceite de Oliva y Salud},
organization = {Consejeria de Agricultura y Pesca},
organization = {Consejeria de Innovacion},
organization = {Consejeria de Salud},
organization = {Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia

PI-0058/10, PI-0206–2013, PI-0252/09, PI0193/09},
organization = {Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo

CVI-7450},
organization = {Diputaciones de Jaen y Cordoba},
organization = {Fundacion Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero},
organization = {Medio Rural y Marino},
organization = {Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion

AGL2009-122270, FIS PI10/01041, FIS PI13/00023},
organization = {Spanish Government},
organization = {Center for East Asian Studies, Stanford University},
organization = {Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

AGL2012/39615},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III},
organization = {Ministério do Meio Ambiente},
organization = {Junta de Andalucía},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH},
keywords = {Mediterranean diet},
keywords = {Low-fat diet},
keywords = {Dietary intervention},
keywords = {Nutrient density},
keywords = {Dietary intake},
keywords = {Cardiovascular disease},
title = {Long‑term efect of a dietary intervention with two‑healthy dietary  approaches on food intake and nutrient density in coronary patients:  results from the CORDIOPREV trial},
doi = {10.1007/s00394-022-02854-7},
author = {Cano Ibáñez, Naomi and Delgado Lista, Javier and López-Miranda, José},
}