@misc{10481/73920,
year = {2022},
month = {3},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/73920},
abstract = {Background Consumer wearables and smartphone devices commonly offer an estimate of energy expenditure (EE) to assist
in the objective monitoring of physical activity to the general population. Alongside consumers, healthcare professionals
and researchers are seeking to utilise these devices for the monitoring of training and improving human health. However,
the methods of validation and reporting of EE estimation in these devices lacks rigour, negatively impacting on the ability
to make comparisons between devices and provide transparent accuracy.
Objectives The Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) is a
joint European initiative of six universities and one industrial partner. The network was founded in 2019 and strives towards
developing best-practice recommendations for evaluating the validity of consumer wearables and smartphones. This expert
statement presents a best-practice validation protocol for consumer wearables and smartphones in the estimation of EE.
Methods The recommendations were developed through (1) a systematic literature review; (2) an unstructured review of the
wider literature discussing the potential factors that may introduce bias during validation studies; and (3) evidence-informed
expert opinions from members of the INTERLIVE network.
Results The systematic literature review process identified 1645 potential articles, of which 62 were deemed eligible for
the final dataset. Based on these studies and the wider literature search, a validation framework is proposed encompassing
six key domains for validation: the target population, criterion measure, index measure, testing conditions, data processing
and the statistical analysis.
Conclusions The INTERLIVE network recommends that the proposed protocol, and checklists provided, are used to standardise
the testing and reporting of the validation of any consumer wearable or smartphone device to estimate EE. This in
turn will maximise the potential utility of these technologies for clinicians, researchers, consumers, and manufacturers/
developers, while ensuring transparency, comparability, and replicability in validation.},
organization = {IReL Consortium},
organization = {Huawei Technologies},
organization = {Science Foundation Ireland},
organization = {European Commission	12/RC/2289_P2},
organization = {Spanish Government	DEP2016-79512-R},
organization = {University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES)},
organization = {Junta de Andalucia},
organization = {European Commission	SOMM17/6107/UGR},
organization = {Research Council of Norway	249932/F20},
organization = {European Research Council (ERC)	716657},
publisher = {Springer},
title = {Recommendations for Determining the Validity of Consumer Wearables and Smartphones for the Estimation of Energy Expenditure: Expert Statement and Checklist of the INTERLIVE Network},
doi = {10.1007/s40279-022-01665-4},
author = {Argent, Rob and Ortega Porcel, Francisco Bartolomé and Molina García, Pablo},
}