@misc{10481/71078,
year = {2021},
month = {9},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/71078},
abstract = {Dermatologic pathologies are the fourth most common cause of non-fatal disease worldwide;
however, they produce a psychosocial, economic, and occupational impact equal to or greater
than other chronic conditions. The most prevalent are actinic keratosis, followed by basal-cell
carcinoma, in a lesser proportion acne vulgaris, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa, among
others, and more rarely dermatitis herpetiformis. To treat actinic keratosis and basal-cell carcinoma,
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 0.5% is administered topically with good results, although in certain patients it
produces severe toxicity. On the other hand, dapsone is a drug commonly used in inflammatory skin
conditions such as dermatitis herpetiformis; however, it occasionally causes hemolytic anemia. Additionally,
biologic drugs indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis and hidradenitis
suppurativa have proved to be effective and safe; nevertheless, a small percentage of patients do
not respond to treatment with biologics in the long term or they are ineffective. This interindividual
variability in response may be due to alterations in genes that encode proteins involved in the pathologic
environment of the disease or the mechanism of action of the medication. Pharmacogenetics
studies the relationship between genetic variations and drug response, which is useful for the early
identification of non-responsive patients and those with a higher risk of developing toxicity upon
treatment. This review describes the pharmacogenetic recommendations with the strongest evidence
at present for the treatments used in dermatology, highlighting those included in clinical practice
guides. Currently, we could only find pharmacogenetic clinical guidelines for 5-FU. However, the
summary of product characteristics for dapsone contains a pharmacogenetic recommendation from
the United States Food and Drug Administration. Finally, there is an enormous amount of information
from pharmacogenetic studies in patients with dermatologic pathologies (mainly psoriasis)
treated with biologic therapies, but they need to be validated in order to be included in clinical
practice guides.},
organization = {Cristina Membrive Jimenez from the University of Granada},
organization = {Fundacion de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Andalucia Oriental (FIBAO)},
organization = {ERDF funds (EU) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III	PT13/0010/0039},
publisher = {MDPI},
keywords = {Dermatology},
keywords = {Polymorphisms},
keywords = {Mutations},
keywords = {Response},
keywords = {Toxicity},
keywords = {Biologic therapy},
title = {Clinical Application of Pharmacogenetic Markers in the Treatment of Dermatologic Pathologies},
doi = {10.3390/ph14090905},
author = {Membrive Jiménez, Cristina and Pérez Ramírez, Cristina and Sánchez Martín, Almudena and Vieira Maroun, Sayleth and Arias Santiago, Salvador Antonio and Ramírez Tortosa, María Carmen and Jiménez Morales, Alberto},
}