@misc{10481/69978,
year = {2021},
month = {1},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/69978},
abstract = {Assessing vital signs such as heart rate (HR) by
wearable devices in a lifestyle-related
environment
provides widespread opportunities for public health
related research and applications. Commonly,
consumer wearable devices assessing HR are based on
photoplethysmography (PPG), where HR is determined by
absorption and reflection of emitted light by the blood.
However, methodological differences and shortcomings
in the validation process hamper the comparability of
the validity of various wearable devices assessing HR.
Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being:
Network
of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) is a joint
European initiative of six universities and one industrial
partner. The consortium was founded in 2019 and strives
towards developing best-practice
recommendations
for evaluating the validity of consumer wearables and
smartphones. This expert statement presents a best-practice
validation protocol for consumer wearables
assessing HR by PPG. The recommendations were
developed through the following multi-stage
process:
(1) a systematic literature review based on the Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses,
(2) an unstructured review of the wider
literature pertaining to factors that may introduce bias
during the validation of these devices and (3) evidence-informed
expert opinions of the INTERLIVE Network. A
total of 44 articles were deemed eligible and retrieved
through our systematic literature review. Based on these
studies, a wider literature review and our evidence-informed
expert opinions, we propose a validation
framework with standardised recommendations using
six domains: considerations for the target population,
criterion measure, index measure, testing conditions, data
processing and the statistical analysis. As such, this paper
presents recommendations to standardise the validity
testing and reporting of PPG-based
HR wearables used
by consumers. Moreover, checklists are provided to guide
the validation protocol development and reporting. This
will ensure that manufacturers, consumers, healthcare
providers and researchers use wearables safely and to its
full potential.},
organization = {Private Stiftung Ewald Marquardt fur Wissenschaft und Technik, Kunst und Kultur},
organization = {Research Council of Norway	249932/F20},
organization = {TrygFonden	310081},
organization = {Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology	SFRH/BPD/115977/2016},
organization = {MINECO/FEDER	DEP2016-79512-R},
organization = {University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence},
organization = {Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES)},
organization = {European Commission	SOMM17/6107/UGR},
organization = {Science Foundation Ireland},
organization = {European Commission	12/RC/2289_P2},
organization = {European Research Council (ERC)
European Commission	716657},
organization = {Huawei Technologies},
organization = {Junta de Andalucia},
publisher = {BMJ},
title = {Recommendations for determining the validity of consumer wearable heart rate devices: expert statement and checklist of the INTERLIVE Network},
doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2020-103148},
author = {Mühlen, Jan M. and Molina García, Pablo and Ortega Porcel, Francisco Bartolomé},
}