@misc{10481/67716,
year = {2021},
month = {2},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/67716},
abstract = {Simple Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) has been recently recognized by the WHO as a histological
CRC with bad prognosis. Consistent with previous evidence, our group identified Fascin1 as a
protein directly related to the invasiveness of tumor cells, overexpressed and positively correlated
with worse survival in various carcinomas, including SAC. Therefore, Fascin1 has emerged as an
ideal target for cancer treatment. In the present study, virtual screening has been carried out from
a library of 9591 compounds, thus identifying the FDA-approved anti-retroviral raltegravir (RAL)
as a potential Fascin1 blocker. In vitro and in vivo results show that RAL exhibits Fascin1-binding
activity and Fascin1-dependent anti-invasive and anti-metastatic properties against CRC cells both
in vitro and in vivo.
Abstract: Background: Fascin1 is the key actin-bundling protein involved in cancer invasion and
metastasis whose expression is associated with bad prognosis in tumor from different origins. Methods:
In the present study, virtual screening (VS) was performed for the search of Fascin1 inhibitors
and RAL, an FDA-approved inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase, was identified as a potential Fascin1 inhibitor. Biophysical techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR) and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) were carried out in order to confirm RAL as
a Fascin1 blocker. The effect of RAL on actin-bundling activity Fascin1 was assessed by transmission
electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence, migration, and invasion assays on two human
colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines: HCT-116 and DLD-1. In addition, the anti-metastatic potential of
RAL was in vivo evaluated by using the zebrafish animal model. Results: NMR and DSF confirmed
in silico predictions and TEM demonstrated the RAL-induced disorganization of the actin structure
compared to control conditions. The protrusion of lamellipodia in cancer cell line overexpressing
Fascin1 (HCT-116) was abolished in the presence of this drug. By following the addition of RAL,
migration of HCT-116 and DLD-1 cell lines was significantly inhibited. Finally, using endogenous and
exogenous models of Fascin1 expression, the invasive capacity of colorectal tumor cells was notably
impaired in the presence of RAL in vivo assays; without undesirable cytotoxic effects. Conclusion:
The current data show the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the antiretroviral drug RAL in inhibiting
human colorectal cancer cells invasion and metastasis in a Fascin1-dependent manner.},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Spanish Government},
organization = {European Commission

PI15/00626
PI18/00144},
organization = {European Commission's Corbel Program 

PID-3630
2334
2428},
organization = {Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO 

CTQ2017-87974-R},
organization = {Fundación Seneca

20988/PI/18
20646/JLI/18},
organization = {UCAM 

FPI05-UCAM/17},
organization = {Junta Provincial Murcia Predoctoral Asociación Española contra el Cáncer (AECC) 

PRDMU19002},
publisher = {Mdpi},
keywords = {Fascin1},
keywords = {Raltegravir},
keywords = {Migrastatin},
keywords = {Invasion},
keywords = {Migration},
keywords = {Zebrafish xenograft},
keywords = {Colorectal cancer},
title = {The FDA-Approved Antiviral Raltegravir Inhibits Fascin1-Dependent Invasion of Colorectal Tumor Cells In Vitro and In Vivo},
doi = {10.3390/cancers13040861},
author = {Alburquerque González, Begoña and Ruiz Sanz, Javier and Luque Fernández, Irene},
}