@misc{10481/66664, year = {2021}, month = {1}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/66664}, abstract = {Background: There is evidence that caffeine increases the maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) and aerobic capacity, which are known to be lower in the morning than in the afternoon. This paper examines the effect of caffeine intake on the diurnal variation of MFO during a graded exercise test in active men. Methods: Using a triple-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experimental design, 15 active caffeine-naïve men (age: 32 ± 7 years) completed a graded exercise test four times at seven-day intervals. The subjects ingested 3 mg/ kg of caffeine or a placebo at 8 am in the morning and 5 pm in the afternoon (each subject completed tests under all four conditions in a random order). A graded cycling test was performed. MFO and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) were measured by indirect calorimetry, and the intensity of exercise that elicited MFO (Fatmax) calculated. Results: MFO, Fatmax and VO2max were significantly higher in the afternoon than in the morning (all P < 0.05). Compared to the placebo, caffeine increased mean MFO by 10.7% (0.28 ± 0.10 vs. 0.31 ± 0.09 g/min respectively, P < 0.001) in the morning, and by a mean 29.0% (0.31 ± 0.09 vs. 0.40 ± 0.10 g/min, P < 0.001) in the afternoon. Caffeine also increased mean Fatmax by 11.1% (36.9 ± 14.4 [placebo] vs. 41.0 ± 13.1%, P = 0.005) in the morning, and by 13.1% (42.0 ± 11.6 vs. 47.5 ± 10.8%, P = 0.008) in the afternoon. Conclusion: These findings confirm the previously reported diurnal variation in the whole-body fat oxidation rate during graded exercise in active caffeine-naïve men, and indicate that the acute ingestion of 3 mg/kg of caffeine increases MFO, Fatmax and VO2max independent of the time of day.}, organization = {University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016-Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)}, organization = {Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades (ERDF) SOMM17/6107/UGR}, publisher = {Bmc}, keywords = {Exercise performance}, keywords = {Body composition}, keywords = {Nutrition}, keywords = {Body weight}, keywords = {Dietary supplements}, title = {Caffeine increases maximal fat oxidation during a graded exercise test: is there a diurnal variation?}, doi = {10.1186/s12970-020-00400-6}, author = {Ramírez Maldonado, Mauricio and Jurado Fasoli, Lucas and del Coso, Juan and Ruiz Ruiz, Jonatan and Amaro Gahete, Francisco José}, }