@misc{10481/66472,
year = {2020},
month = {12},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/66472},
abstract = {Early programming is the adaptation process by which nutrition and environmental factors
alter development pathways during prenatal growth, inducing changes in postnatal metabolism
and diseases. The aim of this narrative review, is evaluating the current knowledge in the scientific
literature on the e ects of nutrition, environmental factors, physical activity and sleep on development
pathways. If in utero adaptations were incorrect, this would cause a mismatch between prenatal
programming and adulthood. Adequate caloric intake, protein, mineral, vitamin, and long-chain
fatty acids, have been noted for their relevance in the o spring brain functions and behavior.
Fetus undernutrition/malnutrition causes a delay in growth and have detrimental e ects on the
development and subsequent functioning of the organs. Pregnancy is a particularly vulnerable
period for the development of food preferences and for modifications in the emotional response.
Maternal obesity increases the risk of developing perinatal complications and delivery by cesarean
section and has long-term implications in the development of metabolic diseases. Physical exercise
during pregnancy contributes to overall improved health post-partum. It is also interesting to
highlight the relevance of sleep problems during pregnancy, which influence adequate growth and
fetal development. Taking into account these considerations, we conclude that nutrition and metabolic
factors during early life play a key role of health promotion and public health nutrition programs
worldwide to improve the health of the o spring and the health costs of hospitalization.},
organization = {University of Granada},
publisher = {Mdpi},
keywords = {Nutritional programming},
keywords = {Eclampsia},
keywords = {Birth weight},
keywords = {Cardiovascular disease},
keywords = {Metabolic programming},
keywords = {Physical activity},
keywords = {Sleep},
keywords = {Obesity},
keywords = {Pregnancy},
title = {Impact of Early Nutrition, Physical Activity and Sleep on the Fetal Programming of Disease in the Pregnancy: A Narrative Review},
doi = {10.3390/nu12123900},
author = {Moreno Fernández, Jorge and Ochoa Herrera, Julio José and López Frías, Magdalena and Díaz Castro, Javier},
}