@misc{10481/62535,
year = {2020},
month = {2},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/62535},
abstract = {Background: Antibiotic resistance is a serious public health challenge exacerbated by the widespread use
of β-lactam and glycopeptide antibiotics. The identification of resistances is crucial, and CHROMID ESBL
medium has been developed to detect enterobacteria with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). The
objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of this medium to detect other types of resistant bacteria.
Methods: Vancomycin, cefoxitin, imipenem, and cefepime disks were used to measure growth on
CHROMID ESBL medium of β-lactam-resistant Gram-negative (83 with ESBL, 57 with carbapenemases,
35 with AmpC and 3 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) and Gram-positive [37 vancomycin-susceptible (vancoS)
microorganisms and 21 vancomycin-resistant (vancoR) Enterococcus faecium] clinical isolates (retrospective
study) and colonization by the aforementioned bacteria (prospective study), using 649 rectal swabs, 314
pharyngeal swabs, and 44 swabs from other localizations.
Results: Retrospective study: species grown on the medium exhibited different colors. Growth on the
medium was observed for: all ESBL enterobacteria, which were susceptible to imipenem and cefoxitin; 95%
of isolates with carbapenemases, mostly resistant to imipenem; 80% of those with AmpC; 86% of vancoR
E. faecium isolates; and 42% of vancoS E. faecalis isolates, with large growth inhibition halos around the
vancomycin disk. Prospective study: vancoR E. faecium, ESBL Klebsiella, Pseudomonas with carbapenemases,
A. baumannii (mostly from rectal swabs), S. maltophilia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Burkholderia cenocepacia
(mostly from pharyngeal swabs) were isolated from the 246 positive samples.
Conclusions: CHROMID ESBL medium permitted the differential growth of Gram-negative bacteria,
many with ESBL and carbapenemases. ESBL enterobacteria were susceptible to imipenem, carbapenemaseproducing microorganisms grew around the imipenem disk, and vancoR E. faecium was isolated on the
medium. Results of the prospective study demonstrate the potential clinical relevance of this medium. S.
maltophilia was more frequently detected with pharyngeal swabs and ESBL Klebsiella, A. baumannii, and
Pseudomonas with rectal swabs.},
publisher = {Annals of Translational Medicine},
keywords = {Multiresistant bacteria},
keywords = {Chromogenic media},
keywords = {CHROMID ESBL medium},
title = {High clinical impact of rapid susceptibility testing on CHROMID ESBL®  medium directly from swabs},
doi = {10.21037/atm.2020.02.158},
author = {Romo Ibáñez, Álvaro and Calatrava Hernández, Elisabeth and Gutiérrez Soto, Blanca and Pérez Ruiz, Mercedes and Navarro-Marí, José María and Gutiérrez Fernández, José},
}