@misc{10481/61839,
year = {2019},
month = {3},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/61839},
abstract = {Human stem cells harbor significant potential for basic and clinical translational research as well as regenerative
medicine. Currently ~ 3000 adult and ~ 30 pluripotent stem cell-based, interventional clinical trials are ongoing
worldwide, and numbers are increasing continuously. Although stem cells are promising cell sources to treat a
wide range of human diseases, there are also concerns regarding potential risks associated with their clinical use,
including genomic instability and tumorigenesis concerns. Thus, a deeper understanding of the factors and
molecular mechanisms contributing to stem cell genome stability are a prerequisite to harnessing their therapeutic
potential for degenerative diseases. Chemical and physical factors are known to influence the stability of stem cell
genomes, together with random mutations and Copy Number Variants (CNVs) that accumulated in cultured human
stem cells. Here we review the activity of endogenous transposable elements (TEs) in human multipotent and
pluripotent stem cells, and the consequences of their mobility for genomic integrity and host gene expression. We
describe transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms antagonizing the spread of TEs in the human genome,
and highlight those that are more prevalent in multipotent and pluripotent stem cells. Notably, TEs do not only
represent a source of mutations/CNVs in genomes, but are also often harnessed as tools to engineer the stem cell
genome; thus, we also describe and discuss the most widely applied transposon-based tools and highlight the
most relevant areas of their biomedical applications in stem cells. Taken together, this review will contribute to the
assessment of the risk that endogenous TE activity and the application of genetically engineered TEs constitute for
the biosafety of stem cells to be used for substitutive and regenerative cell therapies},
organization = {S.R.H. and P.T.R. are funded by the Government of Spain (MINECO, RYC-2016-
21395 and SAF2015–71589-P [S.R.H.]; PEJ-2014-A-31985 and SAF2015–71589-
P [P.T.R.]). GGS is supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health of the
Federal Republic of Germany (FKZ2518FSB403).},
publisher = {Springer Nature},
keywords = {Adult stem cells},
keywords = {Genomic destabilization},
keywords = {Pluripotent stem cells},
keywords = {Regenerative medicine},
keywords = {Transposable elements},
title = {The impact of transposable element activity on therapeutically relevant human stem cells},
doi = {10.1186/s13100-019-0151-x},
author = {Schumann, Gerald G. and Fuchs, Nina V. and Tristán Ramos, Pablo and Sebe, Attila and Ivics, Zoltán and Rodríguez Heras, Sara},
}