@misc{10481/55225,
year = {2018},
month = {9},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/55225},
abstract = {The uncertainty evaluation of survey measurements is a daily and essential task in any
surveying work. The result of a measurement is, in fact, only complete when accompanied by a
statement of its uncertainty. Miscentring, or centring error, is one of the sources of uncertainty in
every basic survey measurement which may have a great effect on horizontal angle measurement
for short distances. In the literature, different terms and values are considered to refer to this source
of uncertainty. Standard ISO 17123 provides different procedures for assessing the measurement
uncertainty of geodetic and surveying instruments, with the aim of checking their suitability for
the intending and immediate task in field conditions. ISO 17123 is aware of the importance of
uncertainty in the instrument centring, but it does not propose any standardised procedure for its
assessment. In this study, we propose such a procedure following a Type A evaluation (through the
statistical analysis of series of observations), avoiding using values from Type B evaluations (from
manufacturer’s specifications, handbooks, personal experiences, etc.) that could be unsuitable for
the conditions of the task. Uncertainty can be individualised for a particular instrument (which
includes the plummet type), ground mark, operator, and other factors on which the results could
be dependent. The testing methodology includes a configuration of the test field, measurements,
and calculation, following the structure of each part of the standard ISO 17123. An experimental
application is included with two different total stations, which also includes a statistical analysis of
the results.},
organization = {The work of J.R.-R. was funded by the Vice Chancellor of Relations with Society and Labour Insertion
of the University of Jaén (Grant No. 06190505N5 IFT1). The article processing charge (APC) was funded by
the Research Groups “Ingeniería Cartográfica” and “Microgeodesia Jaén” (Grant Nos. PAIDI-TEP-164 and
PAIDI-RNM-282 from the Regional Government of Andalucía) which also received financial support from PAIUJA
R5/1/2017 of the University of Jaén.},
publisher = {MDPI},
keywords = {Centring error},
keywords = {Uncertainty},
keywords = {Plummet},
keywords = {Tribrach},
keywords = {Total station},
keywords = {GNSS},
keywords = {TLS},
title = {A Field Procedure for the Assessment of the Centring Uncertainty of Geodetic and Surveying Instruments},
author = {García-Balboa, José L. and Ruiz-Armenteros, Antonio M. and Rodríguez Avi, José and Reinoso Gordo, Juan Francisco and Robledillo-Román, Juan},
}