@misc{10481/112633,
year = {2026},
month = {3},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/112633},
abstract = {Aim: To investigate how sleep features influence next-day diurnal glucose homeostasis and vice versa in free-living
adults at risk of type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods: This observational repeated-measures study included 388 adults aged 25–65 years (50% women) with
overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0–< 40.0 kg/m2). Sleep and glucose homeostasis were simultaneously assessed over 14 days using wrist-worn accelerometers and continuous glucose monitors. Linear mixed models evaluated day-level associations between sleep metrics—wake-up time, sleep period time (i.e., time from sleep onset to wake-up) and sleep efficiency ([total sleep time/sleep period time] × 100)—and diurnal glucose metrics, including mean glucose and its standard deviation (glycaemic variability).
Results: We analysed 3942 valid person-days. Each 1% increase in sleep efficiency was associated with lower next-day
mean glucose (B [95% CI] = −0.05 [−0.08, −0.01] mg/dL; p = 0.007). Each 1 h delay in wake-up time was linked to reduced next-day glucose variability (−0.24 [−0.38, −0.10] mg/dL; p = 0.001). Conversely, each 1 mg/dL increase in daytime mean glucose was associated with later wake-up time (0.008 [0.002, 0.014] h; p = 0.008), longer sleep period time (0.006 [0.000, 0.012] h; p = 0.039) and lower sleep efficiency (−0.05% [−0.08%, −0.01%] %; p = 0.005) the subsequent night. Each 1 mg/dL increase in glucose variability was associated with earlier wake-up time (−0.02 [−0.03, −0.01] h; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: This study provides evidence that sleep and glucose dynamics are temporally associated in free-living adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. These findings underscore the potential of combining sleep and glucose metrics to inform cardiometabolic risk prevention strategies.},
organization = {MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF, EU (PID2022.141506OB.I00)},
organization = {Junta de Andalucía (A-CTS-516-UGR20)},
organization = {University of Granada},
organization = {Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte},
organization = {European Union – NextGenerationEU (EXP_75091)},
organization = {Government of Navarra (0011-1365-2021-00070)},
organization = {Spanish Ministry of Universities (FPU21/01161, FPU22/01631, FPU23/02158 and FPU18/03357)},
organization = {MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (RYC2024-050453-I)},
organization = {Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Salud y Consumo (RHJ-0098- 2024)},
organization = {Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF23SA0084103)},
organization = {EFSD/Novo Nordisk Foundation Future Leaders (0094134)},
organization = {European Union (HORIZONEIC-2023-PATHFINDERCHALLENGES-01-101161509)},
organization = {EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health (DEP2005-00046/ACTI; 09/UPB/19; 45/UPB/20; 27/UPB/21)},
organization = {Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI24/01360)},
publisher = {Wiley},
keywords = {Clincal physiology},
keywords = {Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)},
keywords = {Glycaemic control},
title = {Sleep Efficiency Predicts Next-Day Glycaemia and Daytime Glycaemia Influences Sleep in Free-Living Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes},
doi = {10.1111/dom.70675},
author = {Clavero-Jimeno, Antonio and Martín Olmedo, Juan José and Hidalgo Migueles, Jairo and Camacho Cardeñosa, Alba and Molina Fernández, Marcos and Dote Montero, Manuel and Merino, Jordi and Muñoz Torres, Manuel Eduardo and Labayen, Idoia and Ruiz Ruiz, Jonatan},
}