@misc{10481/108179,
year = {2025},
month = {11},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/108179},
abstract = {Background/Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide and is associated with multiple comorbidities and pharmacological treatments that may interfere
with its metabolism. Evidence on the effect of supplementation across different drug user
groups remains limited. Methods: A prospective study was conducted across community
pharmacies over twelve months. Baseline socio-demographic, serum 25(OH)D concentration, quality of life (QoL), lifestyle habits, and medication use were collected. Participants
received vitamin D supplementation for 12 months. Changes in vitamin D status and
QoL were analyzed according to medication use. Logistic regression identified predictors of achieving adequate serum vitamin D levels (>30 ng/mL). Statistical significance
was set at p < 0.05. Results: At baseline, 87.2% of 210 participants had insufficient or
deficient vitamin D levels. After supplementation, mean serum vitamin D increased significantly from 21.3 ± 8.2 to 32.1 ± 12.6 ng/mL (p < 0.001), and QoL scores improved from
68.6 ± 18.7 to 77.8 ± 18.5 (p < 0.001). Dietary intake of vitamin D–rich foods and outdoor
activity also increased. Supplementation improved vitamin D status among users of benzodiazepines, proton pump inhibitors, beta-blockers, statins, levothyroxine, metformin, and
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, but not among corticosteroid, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, or vitamin K antagonist. Multivariate analysis confirmed adherence
as a strongest predictor of vitamin D adequacy (OR = 15.31, 95% CI = 2.90–80.75), while
corticosteroid therapy, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia were negatively associated.
Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation effectively corrected deficiency and improved
QoL, but its efficacy varied according to comorbidities and medication use. Personalized
supplementation strategies, emphasizing adherence and considering pharmacological profiles, may optimize outcomes. Further studies should explore mechanistic drug–nutrient
interactions and long-term clinical implications.},
publisher = {MDPI},
keywords = {Vitamin D},
keywords = {Drug interaction},
keywords = {Supplement},
title = {Vitamin D Supplementation and Its Interaction with Common Medications: Impact on Serum Levels and Quality of Life in Adults with Comorbidities},
doi = {10.3390/ph18111727},
author = {López-Carmona, Fernando and Toro-Ruíz, Antonio and Piquer-Martínez, Celia and Gómez-Guzmán, Manuel and Ferreira-Alfaya, Francisco Javier and Valverde-Merino, María Isabel and Rivas-García, Francisco and Zarzuelo Romero, María José},
}