@misc{10481/107804,
year = {2025},
month = {10},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107804},
abstract = {Background: Circadian rhythms play a fundamental role in the development and production of strength. It is thought that highly physically active populations, such as military
personnel, may not be affected by these variations. Objectives: This cross-sectional study
examined strength and jump performance in military cadets at the beginning (08:30 a.m.)
and end (02:30 p.m.) of their workday. Methods: Twenty females and twenty-three males
performed a squat jump, countermovement jump, handgrip strength test, and isometric
leg extension strength test on two separate occasions. Results: Two-way ANOVA showed
no significant effects of time (all p > 0.28; partial η
2 < 0.02) or time × sex interactions (all
p > 0.52). Morning–afternoon differences were trivial across outcomes, ranging from −2.2
to 6.8 units (e.g., CMJ: ∆ = −1.3 cm [95% CI: −3.7, 1.1]; handgrip: ∆ = −0.9 kg [−3.2,
1.3]). By contrast, large sex effects were consistently observed: men outperformed women
in jump height (SJ: d = 1.77; CMJ: d = 1.86), leg extension strength (d = 1.59–1.78), and
handgrip strength (d = 2.94–3.08), with partial η
2 values up to 0.71. Conclusions: The
present study provides evidence that while sex-related differences in strength and jump
performance are robust and large, time-of-day has a negligible influence on these measures
in military cadets.},
organization = {MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 - FEDER, UE (PID2022-140453OBI00)},
publisher = {MDPI},
keywords = {Circadian rhythms},
keywords = {Chronotype},
keywords = {Strength},
title = {Absence of Sex-Specific Circadian Variations in Strength Among Military Cadets: A Cross-Sectional Study},
doi = {10.3390/jcm14207254},
author = {Barea-Rodríguez, Manuel and Galan-Lopez, Pablo and Goossens, Lennert and Casuso, Rafael A. and Rodríguez Huertas, Jesús Francisco},
}