@misc{10481/107405,
year = {2024},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107405},
abstract = {Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are of increasing concern due to the ecotoxicological risk they pose to marine organisms. Bisphenols, parabens, and triclosan are especially noteworthy for their toxic and long-lasting impact on the environment. The present research evaluates the presence and bioaccumulation of 20 EDCs (12 bisphenol homologues, 7 parabens and triclosan) in the body wall of Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin 1791 specimens by using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This part of the sea cucumber is used by humans as food, mainly in Asian Eastern countries. The key variables in ultrasound-assisted compound extraction and chromatographic processes were optimized.  The method was validated, obtaining acceptable analytical parameters according to the used guide. The linearity of the method was statistically validated (R2 > 99% and Plof > 5% in all cases). The limits of detection were between 0.1 and 0.7 ng g-1 and the limits of quantification were between 0.5 and 2 ng g-1. For the determination of the accuracy (trueness and precision) of the method, a recovery test was performed. Recovery rates ranged from 85.6% to 112.3%, and precision (in terms of standard deviation) was less than 15% in all cases. Specimens of Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin 1791 collected from 7 sampling areas on the Southern Coast of Spain were analyzed. The results revealed the presence of multiple compounds in all samples, with bisphenol A being the predominant bisphenol (100% of the samples) and methylparaben the most abundant paraben. Highest concentrations were found in areas with greater anthropogenic activity, indicating a situational trend. This study underscores the value of Holothuria tubulosa as a bioindicator of marine contamination, raising awareness about the presence and harmful effects of EDCs on marine life and emphasizing the need for conservation and protection strategies for aquatic ecosystems.},
publisher = {Elsevier},
keywords = {Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs)},
keywords = {Biomonitoring},
keywords = {Holothuria tubulosa},
keywords = {Body wall},
keywords = {Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry},
title = {Determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the body wall of Holothuria tubulosa by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Use of this bioindicator for the study of marine pollution},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2023.109589},
author = {Gallardo-Gómez, Úrsula and Martín-Pozo, Laura and Hidalgo Puertas, Félix and Gómez-Regalado, María and Zafra Gómez, Alberto},
}