@misc{10481/106691,
year = {2025},
month = {10},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10481/106691},
abstract = {This study evaluates the potential of natural schwertmannite for treating highly acidic and metal-rich effluents
(pH 2.0) containing high concentrations of Fe (6664 mg/L), Al (910 mg/L), Zn (794 mg/L), Cu (196 mg/L), As
(12.5 mg/L), and Pb (0.17 mg/L) through batch and column experiments. In batch experiments, schwertmannite
interaction with acidic waters led to increased dissolved concentrations of sulfate (19 %), Fe (14 %), and Al (6
%), especially at a 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio, likely due to schwertmannite dissolution. Other elements such as Cr,
Cu, Ni, Cd, Se, U, Th, and REEs followed the same trend, with Cr later showing 22 % removal and Zn ranging
from 1.3 % to 5.5 %. Most notably, As and Pb were effectively removed, with efficiencies of 82–88 % and 90–93
%, respectively. The column experiment also demonstrated high As and Pb removal rates (63–99 % and 74–92 %,
respectively). After stabilization, most elements showed slight concentration increases (1–8 %) at the end of the
experiment, while Cr, Ga, Se, Cd, U, and Y exhibited net removal rates of 10–49 %, 7–38 %, 3–24 %, 8–11 %,
1–15 %, and 3–20 %, respectively. Fe solubility in the column experiment was controlled by jarosite precipitation
and schwertmannite dissolution. The mobility of other elements was influenced by sorption and/or coprecipitation onto these minerals, depending on their speciation. Negatively charged species were preferentially
removed by sorption onto the positively charged schwertmannite surface, while others coprecipitated with newly
formed jarosite. Maximum sorption values reached 97–181 mg/g for As and 0.8–0.9 mg/g for Pb. The adsorption
capacity of natural schwertmannite was notable compared to synthetic schwertmannite, nanostructured ceriummanganese oxide, biochars, Fe-Mn polymers, and low-cost materials like eggshells and tea waste. Given its
effectiveness, schwertmannite from AMD systems could serve as a natural filter at treatment plant inlets.},
organization = {Regional Government of Andalusia (EMERGIA — EMC21_00363)},
organization = {MCIN/AEI (RYC2022-035326-I, RYC2019-027949-I)},
organization = {MCIU/AEI - FSE+ (JDC2023-052111-I)},
organization = {MICIU/AEI -  European Union — NextGenerationEU/PRTR (JDC2022-049235-I)},
organization = {Universidad de Huelva / CBUA (Open access)},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd.},
keywords = {Circular economy},
keywords = {Acid mine drainage},
keywords = {Sorption processes},
title = {Metal(loid) removal from highly metal rich acid mine waters using natural schwertmannite},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127287},
author = {Ruiz Cánovas, Carlos and Castellanos, Maira and Pérez López, Rafael and Millan-Becerro, Ricardo and Molinero García, Alberto and Olías, Manuel and Nieto, José Miguel and Basallote, María Dolores},
}