@misc{10481/54984,
year = {2018},
month = {8},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/54984},
abstract = {There is a general belief that having breakfast is an important healthy lifestyle factor;
however, there is scarce evidence on the influence of breakfast quality and energy density on
cardiometabolic risk in children, as well as on the role of physical activity in this association. The aims
of this paper were (i) to examine the associations of breakfast quality and energy density from
both solids and beverages with cardiometabolic risk factors, and (ii) to explore whether physical
activity levels may attenuate these relationships in children with overweight/obesity from two
projects carried out in the north and south of Spain. Breakfast consumption, breakfast quality
index (BQI) score, BEDs/BEDb (24 h-recalls and the KIDMED questionnaire), and physical activity
(PA; accelerometry) were assessed, in 203 children aged 8–12 years who were overweight or obese.
We measured body composition (Dual X-ray Absorptiometry), uric acid, blood pressure, lipid profile,
gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), glucose, and insulin, and calculated the HOMA and metabolic
syndrome z-score. The BQI score was inversely associated with serum uric acid independently of a
set of relevant confounders  β = -0.172, ρ = 0.028), but the relationship was attenuated after further
controlling for total PA (ρ < 0.07). BEDs was positively associated with total and HDL cholesterol, and
systolic blood pressure regardless of confounders (all ρ < 0.05), while BEDb was positively associated
with HOMA in either active/inactive children (all ρ < 0.03). In conclusion, higher breakfast quality
and lower breakfast energy density should be promoted in overweight/obesity children to improve
their cardiometabolic health.},
organization = {EFIGRO and ActiveBrains projects were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry and
Competitiveness (DEP2016-78377-R and DEP2013-47540) by “Fondos Estructurales de la Unión Europea (FEDER),
Una manera de hacer Europa”. The EFIGRO project was also supported by the University of the Basque Country
(GIU14/21). LA was supported by a grant from the Education Department of the Government of Basque Country
(PRE_2016_1_0057 and PRE_2017_2_0224), MM is supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education,
Culture, and Sport (FPU14/03329) and EST17/00210, MO was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry
of Science, Innovation, and Universities (BES-2017-080770), whereas MA was supported by a grant from the
University of the Basque Country (PIF 17/186). JRR, FBO, and CC-S were also supported by grants from the
Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (RYC 2010-05957; RYC-2011-09011 and BES-2014-068829).},
publisher = {MDPI},
keywords = {Breakfast quality},
keywords = {Breakfast energy density},
keywords = {Skipping breakfast},
keywords = {Cardiometabolic health},
keywords = {Childhood obesity},
keywords = {Uric acid},
keywords = {HOMA},
keywords = {Cholesterol},
keywords = {Blood pressure},
keywords = {Physical activity},
title = {Association of Breakfast Quality and Energy Density with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight/Obese Children: Role of Physical Activity},
author = {Arenaza, Lide and Muñoz-Hernández, Victoria and Medrano, María Concepción and Oses, Maddi and Amasene, Maria and Merchán Ramírez, Elisa and Cadenas Sánchez, Cristina and Ortega Porcel, Francisco Bartolomé and Ruiz Ruiz, Jonatan and Labayen, Idoia},
}